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[主观题]

Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage: The producers of instant coffee f

ound their product strongly resisted in the market places despite their manifest (明显的) advantages. Furthermore, the advertising expenditure for instant coffee was far greater than that for regular coffee. Efforts were made to find the cause of the consumers' seemingly unreasonable resistance to the product. The reason given by most people was dislike for the taste. The producers suspected that there might be deeper reasons, however. This was confirmed by one of motivation research's classic studies, one often cited in the trade. Mason Haire, of the University of California, constructed two shopping lists that were identical except for one item. There were six items common to both lists: hamburger, carrots(胡萝卜), baking powder, bread, canned peaches and potatoes, with the brands or amounts specified. The seventh item, in the fifth place on both lists, read “11b. Maxwell House coffee” on one list and “Nescafe instant coffee” on the other. One list was given to each person in a group of fifty women, and the other list to those in another group of the same size. The women were asked to study their lists and then to describe, as far as they could, the kind of woman (“personality and character”) who would draw up that shopping list. Nearly half of those who had received the list including instant coffee described a housewife who was lazy and a poor planner. On the other hand, only one woman in the other group described the housewife, who had included regular coffee on her list, as lazy; only six of that group suggested that she was a poor planner. Eight women felt that the instant coffee user was probably not a good wife! No one in the other group drew such a conclusion about the housewife who intended to buy regular coffee. The fact that producers found resistance to their product despite the fact that they spent more advertising money on instant than regular coffee shows that ____

A.advertising does not assure favorable sales result

B.companies spent more money on advertising than they should

C.people pay little attention to advertising

D.the more one advertises the better the sales picture

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发布时间：2020-12-19

更多“Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage: The producers of instant coffee f”相关的问题

第1题

根据材料回答16~20题： "They" in the second paragraph can be replaced by "__". A) patients

in a VS B) researchers C) monitoring machines D) specific questions

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第2题

Passage Two:Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.The human brain contains

10 thousand million cells and each of these may have a thousand connections. Such enormous numbers used to discourage us and cause us to dismiss the possibility of making a machine with human-like ability, but now that we have grown used to moving forward at such a pace we can be less sure. Quite soon, in only 10 or 20 years perhaps, we will be able to assemble a machine as complex as the human brain, and if we can we will. It may then take us a long time to render it intelligent by loading in the right software (软件) or by altering the architecture but that too will happen.

I think it certain that in decades, not centuries, machines of silicon (硅) will arise first to rival and then exceed their human ancestors. Once they exceed us they will be capable of their own design. In a real sense they will be able to reproduce themselves. Silicon will have ended carbon’s long control. And we will no longer be able to claim ourselves to be the finest intelligence in the known universe.

As the intelligence of robots increases to match that of humans and as their cost declines through economies of scale we may use them to expand our frontiers, first on earth through their ability to withstand environments, harmful to ourselves. Thus, deserts may bloom and the ocean beds be mined. Further ahead, by a combination of the great wealth this new age will bring and the technology it will provide, the construction of a vast, man-created world in space, home to thousands or millions of people, will be within our power.

第16题：In what way can we make a machine intelligent？

A) By making it work in such environments as deserts, oceans or space.

B) By working hard for 10 or 20 years.

C) By either properly programming it or changing its structure.

D) By reproducing it.

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第3题

Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.A.It required all children

Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.

A.It required all children to go to school.

B.It lowered the age of entering the school.

C.It rose the age of leaving school.

D.It set different requirement in communities.

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第4题

Passage Two Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage. In a time of low aca

Passage Two Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.

In a time of low academic achievement by children in the United States, many Americans are turning to Japan, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible

answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans ex-

pected to find. In'most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one investigation, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents (答问卷者)listed "to give children a good start'academically" as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for success ful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and math ematics, but rather skills such as persistence,

concentration, and the ability to function as a member of a group. The vast majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.

In the recent comparison of Japanese and American preschool education, 91 percent of Japa-

nese respondents chose providing children with a group experience as one of their top three rea-

sons for a society to have preschools. Sixty-two percent of the more individually oriented (强调个性发展的) Americans listed group experience as one of their top three choices. An emphasis on

the importance of the group seen in Japanese early childhood education continues into elementary

school education.

Like in America, there is diversity in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese

kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large

cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools.

Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it

will increase the children's chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universi-

ties. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy

intellectualizing in some Japanese kindergartens.

16. We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe

A．Japanese parents are more involved in preschool education than American parents

B．Japan’s economic success is a result of its scientific achievements

C．Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction

D．Japan’s higher education is superior to theirs

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第5题

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.A.He obtained his philoso

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

A.He obtained his philosophy degree.

B.He sold his own life on the Internet.

C.He became famous for his website.

D.He requested to part with his girltriend.

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第6题

Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.A.To win over the majorit

Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.

A.To win over the majority of passengers from airlines in twenty years.

B.To reform. railroad management in western European countries.

C.To electrify the railway lines between major European cities.

D.To set up an express train network throughout Europe.

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第7题

Passage Two:Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.A good modern newspaper

is an extraordinary piece of reading. It is remarkable first for what it contains: the range of news from local crime to international politics, from sport to business to fashion to science, and the range of comment and special features (特写) as well, from editorial page to feature articles and interviews to criticism of books, art, theatre and music. A newspaper is even more remarkable for the way one reads it: never completely, never straight through, but always by jumping from here to there, in and not glancing at one piece, reading another article all the way through, reading just a few paragraphs of the next. A good modern newspaper offers variety to attract many different readers, but far more than nay one reader is interested in. What brings this variety together in one place is its topicality (时事性), its immediate relation to what is happening in your world and your locality now, but immediacy and the speed of production that goes with it mean also that much of what papers in a newspaper has no more than transient (短暂的) value. For all these reasons, no two people really read the same paper: what each person does is to put together out of the pages of that day’s paper, his own selection and sequence, his own newspaper. For all these reasons, reading newspapers efficiently, which means getting what you want from them without missing things you need but without wasting time, demands skill and self-awareness as you modify and apply the techniques of reading.

第16题：A modern newspaper is remarkable for all the following except its ________.

A) wide coverage

B) uniform. style

C) speed in reporting news

D) popularity

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第8题

听力原文：W: How did your interview go？ M: I couldn' t feel better about it. The questions

听力原文：W: How did your interview go？

M: I couldn' t feel better about it. The questions were very fair and I seemed to find answers for ail of them.

Q: How does the man feel about the interview？

(16)

A．He is confident.

B．He is worried.

C．He is bored.

D．He is angry.

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第9题

听力原文：M: Would it be alright if I took your picture and asked you a few questions？ I'm

a journalist writing a magazine story about foreigners living in our city.

W: Well, you may ask the questions first.

Q: What does the man want the woman to do？

(16)

A．To help him find a magazine.

B．To work as a journalist for him.

C．To write a magazine story for him.

D．To tell about her life experience here.

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第10题

Passage Two：Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.Sport is not only physic

ally challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes (运动员). Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological, and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.

The early years of development are critical years for learning abut oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents’ and coaches’ criticisms to heart and find a flaw (缺陷) in themselves.

Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today’s youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game, many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters’ performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.

第16题：An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is ________.

A) to make sports less competitive

B) to make sports more challenging

C) to reduce their mental stress

D) to increase their sense of success

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