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“Smart building” contains a network for voice, data, environment control and closed-c
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更多““Smart building” contains a network for voice, data, environment control and closed-c”相关的问题
第1题
After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good news to report: The damage and death toll(死亡人数) could have been much worse. More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, and earthquake of similar __1__ that shook America in 1998 claimed 25,000 victims.
Injuries and deaths were __2__ less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m. On a holiday, when traffic was light on the city's highway. In addition, __3__ made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city's buildings and highways, making them more __4__ to quakes.
In the past, making structures quake-resist-ant meant firm yet __5__ materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to __6__ the impact of ground vibrations. The most __7__ designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports, called smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake's vibrations. When ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would __8__ the building to shift in the opposite direction. The new designs should offer even greater __9__ to cities where earthquakes ofen take place.
The new smart structures could be very __10__ to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.
[A]changes
[B]flexible
[C]decrease
[D]recent
[E]push
[F]reduce
[G]relatively
[H]safety
[I]resistant
[J]expensive
[K]force
[L]accordingly
[M]intensity
[N]security
[O]opposed
第2题
More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, as earthquake of similar intensity that shook America in 1988 claimed 25,000 victims.
Injuries and deaths were relatively less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m. on a holiday, when traffic was light on the city’s highways. In addition, changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city’s buildings and highways, making them more resistant to quakes.
Despite the good new, civil engineers aren’t resting on their successes. Pinned to their drawing boards are blueprints (蓝图) for improved quake-resistant buildings. The new designs should offer even greater security to cities where earthquakes often take place.
In the past, making structures quake-resistant meant firm yet flexible materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to reduce the impact of ground vibrations. The most recent designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports. Called smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake’s vibrations. When the ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would force the building to shift in the opposite direction.
The new smart structures could be very expensive to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.
第21题：One reason why the loss of lives in the Los Angeles earthquake was comparatively low is that ________.
A) new computers had been installed in the buildings
B) it occurred in the residential areas rather than on the highways
C) large numbers of Los Angeles residents had gone for a holiday
D) improvements had been made in the construction of buildings and highways
第3题
More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, an earthquake of similar intensity that shook America in 1988 claimed 25,000 victims.
Injuries and deaths were relatively less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m. on a holiday, when traffic was light on the city's highways. In addition, changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city's buildings and highways, making them more resistant to quakes.
Despite the good news, civil engineers aren't resting on their successes. Pinned to their drawing boards are blueprints (蓝图) for improved quake-resistant buildings. The new designs should offer even greater security to cities where earthquakes often take place.
In the past, making structures quake-resistant meant firm yet flexible materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to reduce the impact of ground vibrations. The most recent designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports. Called smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake's vibrations. When the ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would force the building to shift in the opposite direction.
The new smart structures could be very expensive to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.
One reason why the loss of lives in the Los Angeles earthquake was comparatively low is that ______.
A．new computers had been installed in the buildings
B．it occurred in the residential areas rather than on the highways
C．large numbers of Los Angeles residents had gone for a holiday
D．improvements had been made in the constructions of buildings and highways
第4题
听力原文：M: Hey, Jane. What's so interesting？
W: What？ Oh, hi, Tom. I'm reading this fascinating article on the societies of the Ice Age.
M: The Ice Age？ There weren't any societies then, just groups of cave people.
W: That's what people used to think. But a new exhibition at the American Museum of National History shows that Ice Age people were surprisingly advanced.
M: Oh, really？ In what way？
W: Well, Ice Age people were the inventors of languages, art and music as we know it. And they didn't live in caves. They built their own shelters.
M: What did they use to build them？ The cold weather would have killed almost all of the trees, so they couldn't have used wood.
W: In some warmer climates, they did build houses of wood. In other places, they used animal bones and skins or lived in natural stone shelters.
M: How did they stay warm？ Animal skin walls don't sound very sturdy.
W: Well, it says here, that in the early Ice Age, they often faced their homes towards the south to take advantage of the sun.
M: Hey, that's pretty smart! I guess I spoke too soon. Can I read that magazine article 'after you're done？
W: No problem.
23. What did the man originally think of the people of the Ice Age？
24.How did people in the early Ice Age keep warm？
25.What does the man want the woman to do？
(20)
A．They lived in groups and were cave people.
B．There were societies in Ice Age.
C．They were advanced in arts.
D．They had a smart way of building shelters.
第5题
Located on the shore of Sullivan’s Island off the coast of South Carolina, the award-winning cube-shaped beach house was built to replace one smashed to pieces by Hurricane （飓风） Hugo 10 years ago. In September 1989, Hugo struck South Carolina, killing 18 people and damaging or destroying 36,000 homes in the state.
Before Hugo, many new houses built along South Carolina’s shoreline were poorly constructed, and enforcement of building codes wasn’t strict, according to architect Ray Huff, who created the cleverly-designed beach house. In Hugo’s wake, all new shoreline houses are required to meet stricter, better-enforced codes. The new beach house on Sullivan’s Island should be able to withstand a Category 3 hurricane with peak winds of 179 to 209 kilometers per hour.
At first sight, the house on Sullivan’s Island looks anything but hurricane-proof. Its redwood shell makes it resemble “a large party lantern （灯笼）” at night, according to one observer. But looks can be deceiving. The house’s wooden frame. is reinforced with long steel rods to give it extra strength.
To further protect the house from hurricane damage, Huff raised it 2.7 meters off the ground on timber pilings—long, slender columns of wood anchored deep in the sand. Pilings might appear insecure, but they are strong enough to support the weight of the house. They also elevate the house above storm surges. The pilings allow the surges to run under the house instead of running into it. “These swells of water come ashore at tremendous speeds and cause most of the damage done to beach-front buildings,” said Huff.
Huff designed the timber pilings to be partially concealed by the house’s ground-to-roof shell. “The shell masks the pilings so that the house doesn’t look like it’s standing with its pant legs pulled up,” said Huff. In the event of a storm surge, the shell should break apart and let the waves rush under the house, the architect explained.
第36题：After the tragedy caused by Hurricane Hugo, new houses built along South Carolina’s shore line are required ________.
A．to be easily reinforced
B．to look smarter in design
C．to meet stricter building standards
D．to be designed in the shape of cubes
第6题
Traffic statistics paint a gloomy picture. To help solve their traffic woes(悲哀), some rapidly growing US cities have simply built more roads. But traffic experts say building more roads is a quick-fix solution that will not alleviate the traffic problem in the long run. Soaring land costs, increasing concern over social and environmental disruptions caused by road-building, and the likelihood that more roads can only lead to more cars and traffic are powerful factors bearing down on a 1950s-style. constructions program.
The goal of smart-highway technology is to make traffic systems work at optimum efficiency by treating the road and the vehicles traveling on them as an integral transportation system. Proponents of this advanced technology say electronic detection systems, closed-circuit television radio communication, ramp(斜坡) metering, variable message signing, and other smart-highway technology can now be used at a reasonable cost to improve communication between drivers and the people who monitor traffic.
Pathfinder, a Santa Monica, California-based smart-highway project in which a 14-mile stretch of the Santa Monica Freeway, making up what is called a "smart corridor", is being instrumented with buried loops in the pavement. Closed-circuit television cameras survey the flow of traffic, while communications linked to properly equipped automobiles advise motorists of the least congested routes or detours(便道).
Not all traffic experts, however, look to smart-highway technology as the ultimate solution to traffic jam. Some say the high-tech approach is limited and can only offer temporary solutions to a serious problem.
"Electronics on the highway addresses just one aspect of the problem: how to regulate traffic more efficiently," explains Michael Renner, senior researcher at the World watch Institute. "It doesn't deal with the central problem of too many cars for roads that can't be built fast enough. It sends people the wrong message. "They start thinking. Yes, there used to be a traffic congestion problem, but that's been solved now because we have an advanced high-tech system in place." Larson agrees and adds, "Smart highways is just one of the tools that we will use to deal with our traffic problems. It's not the solution itself, just part of the package. There are different strategies."
Other traffic problem-solving options being studied and experimented with include car pooling, rapid mass transit systems, staggered or flexible work hours, and road pricing, a system whereby motorists pay a certain amount for the time they use a highway.
It seems that we need a new, major thrust to deal with the traffic problems of the next 20 years. There has to be a big change.
What is the appropriate title for the passage？
A．Smart Highway Projects—The Ultimate Solution to Traffic Congestion.
B．A Quick Fix Solution for the Traffic Problems.
C．A Venture to Remedy Traffic Woes.
D．Highways Get Smart-Part of the Package to Relieve Traffic Gridlock.
第7题
Passage One
June 15, 2005
Dear Sir,
Your shipment of twelve thousand "Smart" watches was received by our company this morning. However, we wish to make a number of complaints concerning the serious delay in delivery and your failure to carry out our instructions with redactors.
Late delivery of the goods has caused us to disappoint several of our most valued customers. The second complaint concerns the mismatch in color between the watches we ordered and those delivered.
As a result of the above problems, therefore, we feel that the most suitable course of action is to return to you unpaid any of the goods considered unsatisfactory. We look forward to your prompt reply.
Yours sincerely,
Marks Swift
Managing Director,
Johnson & Sons Ltd
Passage Two
There are warm tropical regions all over the globe but only the Indians of the South American rain forests have formed the habit of sleeping in the open air. Long before they made painful acquaintance with Europeans, they had invented something that was unique on earth: the hammock.
Nobody really knows who first had the bright idea of making sleeping in the air the symbol of untroubled rest. The Indians see the hammock as a "girl of heaven", something given to them a very long time ago.
In it the Indians pass away hot noon hours, napping or chatting. Swinging it to and fro creates a cooling breath of air and keeps away insects. They work and play in hammocks, are born and die there.
Hung like a suspension bridge between heaven and earth, a hammock is dry while the soil is damp and is safe from most wild animals.
Hammocks have the advantage over beds in that they are easy to transport and take up very little space when they have been rolled up. Indians never go on a journey without their hammocks, not even to their plantations.
Passage Three
As prices and building costs keep rising, the "do-it-yourself' (DIY) trend in the U. S. continues to grow.
"We needed furniture for our living room," says John Ross, "and we just didn't have enough money to buy it. So we decided to try making a few tables and chairs." John got married six months ago, and like many young people these days, they are straggling to make a home at a lime when the cost of living is very high. The Rosses took a 2-week course for ＄280 at a night school. Now they build all their furniture and make repairs around the house.
Jim Hatfield has three boys and his wife died. He was a full-time job at home as well as in a shoe making factory. Last month, he received a car repair bill for ＄420. "I was deeply upset about it. Now I've finished a car repair course, I should be able to fix the car b
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
第8题
A.0→初应力-103%σcon (持荷2min) -σcon
B.0→初应カ→105%σcon (持荷2min) -σcon
C.0-初应力-105% σcon (持荷5min)-σcon
D.0→初应力-103% σcon (持荷5min) -σcon
第11题
The word "seductions" (Line 1, Para 4) is closest in meaning to " ______".
A．efforts to conquer
B．attempts to win over
C．exertions to understand
D．endeavors to increase profits
