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Our dreams combine verbal, visual and emotional stimuli into a sometimes broken, nonsensic

al but often entertaining story line. We can sometimes even solve problems in our sleep. Or can we? Many experts disagree on exactly what the purpose of our dreams might be. Are they strictly random brain impulses, or are our brains actually working through issues from our daily life while we sleep--as a sort of coping mechanism? Should we even bother to interpret our dreams? Many say yes, that we have a great deal to learn from our dreams.

Why do we Dream?

For centuries, we've tried to figure out just why our brains play these nightly shows for us. Early civilizations thought dream worlds were real, physical worlds that they could enter only from their dream state. Researchers continue to toss around many theories about dreaming. Those theories essentially fall into two categories:

The idea that dreams are only physiological stimulations

The idea that dreams are psychologically necessary

Physiological theories are based on the idea that we dream in order to exercise various neural connections that some researchers believe affect certain types of learning. Psychological theories are based on the idea that dreaming allows us to sort through problems or events of the day or things that are requiring a lot of our attention. Some of these theorists think dreams might be prophetic. Many researchers and scientists also believe that perhaps it is a combination of the two theories.

Dreaming and the Brain

When we sleep, we go through five sleep stages. The first stage is a very light sleep from which it is easy to wake up. The second stage moves into a slightly deeper sleep, and stages three and four represent our deepest sleep. Our brain activity throughout these stages is gradually slowing down so that by deep sleep, we experience nothing but delta brain waves--the slowest brain waves. About 90 minutes after we go to sleep and after the fourth sleep stage, we begin REM sleep.

Rapid eye movement(REM)was discovered in 1953 by University of Chicago researchers Eugene Aserinsky, a graduate student in physiology, and Nathaniel Kleitman, Ph. D. , chair of physiology. REM sleep is primarily characterized by movements of the eyes and is the fifth stage of sleep.

How to Improve Your Dream Recall

It is said that five minutes after the end of a dream, we have forgotten 50 percent of the dream's content. Ten minutes later, we've forgotten 90 percent of its content. Why is that? We don't forget our daily actions that quickly. The fact that they are so hard to remember makes their importance seem less.

There are many resources both on the Web and in print that will give you tips on how to improve your recall of dreams. Those who believe we have a lot to learn about ourselves from our dreams are big proponents of dream journals. Here are some steps you can take to increase your dream recall:

When you go to bed, tell yourself you will remember your dreams.

Set your alarm to go off every hour and a half so you'll wake up around the times that you leave REM sleep--when you're most likely to remember your dreams.(Or, drink a lot of water before you go to bed to ensure you have to wake up at least once in the middle of the night!)

Keep a pad and pencil next to your bed.

Try to wake up slowly to remain within the "mood" of your last dream.

Common Dream Themes and Their Interpretations

Being naked in public

Most of us have had the dream at some point that we're at school, work or some social event, and we suddenly realize we forgot to put on clothes! Experts say this means:

We're trying to hide something(and without clothes we have a hard time doing that).

We're not prepared for something, like a presenta

A.Y

B.N

C.NG

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更多“Our dreams combine verbal, visual and emotional stimuli into a sometimes broken, nonsensic”相关的问题

第1题

Modem technology and science have produced a wealth of new materials and new ways of u
sing old materials. For the artist this means wider opportunities. There is no doubt that the limitations of materials and nature of tools both restrict and shape a man's work. Observe how the development of plastics and light metals as well as new methods of welding (焊接法)has changed the direction of sculpture. Transparent plastic materials allow one to look through an object, to see its various sides overlapped with each other (as in Cubism or in an X ray). Today, welding is as prevalent as casting was in the past. This new method encourages open designs, where surrounding and intervening space becomes as important as form. itself.

More ambiguous than other scientific inventions familiar to modem artists, but no less influential, are the psychoanalytic studies of Freud and his followers, discoveries that have penetrated recent art, especially Surrealism. (超现实主义)

The surrealists, in their struggle to escape the monotony and frustrations of everyday life, claimed that dreams were the only hope. Turning to the irrational world of their unconscious, they banished all time barriers and moral judgments to combine disconnected dream experiences from the past, present and intervening psychological states. The surrealists were concerned with overlapping emotions more than with overlapping forms. Their paintings often become segmented capsules of associative experiences. As to them, obsessive and often unrelated images replaced the direct emotional messages of Expressionism. They did not need to smash paint and canvas ; they went beyond this to smash the whole continuity of logical thought.

There is little doubt that contemporary art has taken much from contemporary life. In a period when science has made revolutionary strides, artists in their studios have not been unaware of scientists in their laboratories. At the same time, this has rarely been a one-way street. Painters and sculptors, though admittedly influenced by modem science, have also molded and changed our world. If break-up has been a vital part of their expression, it has not always been a symbol of destruction. Quite the contrary: it has been used to examine more fully, to penetrate more deeply, to analyze more thoroughly, to enlarge, isolate and make more familiar certain aspects of life that earlier were apt to neglect. In addition, at times it provides rich multiple experiences so organized as not merely to reflect our world, but in fact to interpret it.

41.The author argues that Freud's studies .

A.are more comprehensible than other scientific inventions

B.are more controversial than any other scientific findings

C.have been largely influenced by contemporary arts

D.have found their expression in the Surrealism's claims

42.The Surrealism made every endeavor .

A.to transform. real existence into incoherent dreams

B.to diminish all time barriers and moral judgments

C.to express their disconnected unconscious thoughts

D.to substitute direct expressions for fragmented images

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第2题

Our dreams tend to involve recent happenings to us and our ______.

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第3题

Our dreams will finally ___ .

A.come true

B.be true

C.get true

D.turn true

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第4题

A.In dreams we solve those problems.B.After dreaming we forget our problems.C.After dr

A.In dreams we solve those problems.

B.After dreaming we forget our problems.

C.After dreaming we have a clear mind.

D.It gives us ways to deal with the problems.

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第5题

Many of our dreams _____impossible in the past have come true.

A、considering

B、to consider

C、considered

D、be considered

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第6题

听力原文: The interpretation of dreams has been a favorite activity of people for as long
as we have had recorded history. Some of these dream interpretations have become famous, and some, like the European' psychologist Sigmund Freud, felt that all dreams have meanings which relate to our personal relationships with family members and friends.

Good dreams include those in which we see ourselves succeeding in some difficult or pleasant activity such as singing, dancing, talking with our friends, or experiencing the happiness which may not occur in our waking hours. Many persons report dreams of competing in athletic competitions or music competitions. The performance in these events can go beyond anything we might experience in reality. Who among us has not dreamed of spending pleasant hours with our real or imaginary lover, enjoying his or her company in ways known only to those who have loved'? Interpreters of such dreams give varied meanings, most of which are probably not very reliable. But, we often awake from good dreams in a good mood, rested and ready to face the day.

Bad or unpleasant dreams include those which frighten us, recall unpleasant experiences from our lives, or present problems for which there is no evident solution. Dreams of failing an exam at school, dreams of losing a job or a good friend, dreams of accidents or death of a loved one in our family, etc, are unsettling and not easily understood. Some dream experts believe these dreams are now a threatening way to face a problem from real life. They give us a way to deal with the problem so that we may find it less stressful in our waking hours.

(33)

A.What they have regretted for a long time.

B.Their relationships with families and friends.

C.What they have expected too much.

D.The things they have experienced during their childhood.

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第7题

听力原文:The interpretation of dreams has been a favorite activity of people for as long a

听力原文: The interpretation of dreams has been a favorite activity of people for as long as we have had recorded history. Some of these dream interprets have become famous, and some, like the European psychologist Sigmund Freud, felt that all dreams have meanings which relate to our personal relationships with family members and friends.

Good dreams include those in which we see ourselves succeeding in some difficult or pleasant activity such as singing, dancing, talking with our friends, or experiencing the happiness which may not occur in our waking hours. Many persons report dreams of competing in athletic competitions or music competitions. The performance in these events can go beyond anything we might experience in reality. Who among us has not dreamed of spending pleasant hours with our real or imaginary lover, enjoying his or her company in ways known only to those who have loved? Interpreters of such dreams give varied meanings, most of which are probably not very reliable. But, we often awake from good dreams in a good mood, rested and ready to face the day.

Bad or unpleasant dreams include those which frighten us, recall unpleasant experiences from our lives, or present problems for which there is no evident solution. Dreams of failing an exam at school, dreams of losing a job or a good friend, dreams of accidents or death of a loved one in our family, etc. are unsettling and not easily understood. Some dream experts believe these dreams are now a threatening way to face a problem from real life. They give us a way to deal with the problem so that we may find it less stressful in our waking hours.

(33)

A.What they have regretted for a long time.

B.Their relationships with families and friends.

C.What they have expected too much.

D.The things they have experienced during their childhood.

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第8题

A.It shows that dreams can remind us of something we've been too busy to remember.B.It

A.It shows that dreams can remind us of something we've been too busy to remember.

B.It is an example of how we often dream of very ordinary events.

C.It shows how dreams can urge us to get more in touch with our real feelings.

D.It demonstrates that we can discover our innermost anxieties through looking seriously at our dreams.

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第9题

According to the author, we can always find satisfaction in ______.A.trying to make the wo

According to the author, we can always find satisfaction in ______.

A.trying to make the world a better place

B.fulfilling our long-cherished dreams

C.accepting the good and evil sides of the world

D.standing up to the challenges of the world

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第10题

Our dreams may affect our lives more than we ever realized, says a new research. For 11 ye
ars, a 58-year-old anthropologist kept a journal of nearly 5,000 dreams. By analyzing color patterns in the dreams, Arizona-based re searcher Robert Hoss could accurately predict certain things about the man's emotional state. Hoss correctly identified two separate years when the man experienced crises in his life. How was Hoss able to gauge what the dreamer's experienced? "The clues were in the colors," he says. The anthropologist's dominant dream hues were reds and blacks, and blacks increased during difficult times. "Even without knowing the events in his life," Hoss observes, "we accurately determined the emotional states based on those colors in his dreams."

Dreams are a way for the subconscious to communicate with the conscious mind. Dreaming of something you're worried about, researchers say, is the brain's way of helping you rehearse for a disaster in case it occurs. Dreaming of a challenge, like giving a presentation at work or playing sports, can enhance your performance. And cognitive scientists have discovered that dreams and the rapid eye movement that happens while you're dreaming are linked to our ability to learn and remember.

Dreaming is a" mood regulatory system," says Rosalind Cartwright, Ph.D. She's found that dreams help people work through the day's emotional quandaries(因惑). "It's like a built-in therapist(临床医学家)," says Cart Wright. While we sleep, dreams compare new emotional experience to old memories, creating patterns of old images laid on top of new ones. As she puts it, "You wake up and think, what was Uncle Harry doing in my dream? I haven't seen him for 50 years. But the old and new images are emotionally related. "It's the job of the conscious mind to figure out the relationship.

In fact,dream emotions can help real therapists treat patients undergoing traumatic(创伤的) life events. In a new study of 30 recently divorced adults, Cartwright tracked their dreams over a five-month period, measuring their feelings toward their ex-spouses. She discovered that those who were angriest at the spouse while dreaming had the best chance of successfully coping with divorce. "If they were bland in their dreams," Cartwright says, "they hadn't started to work through their emotions and deal with the divorce." For therapists, this finding will help determine whether divorced men or women need counseling or have already dreamed their troubles away.

What happens in your head at night is more important than you think. Although no device lets researchers probe the content of dreams while we sleep, scientists may interpret dreams once we've awakened.

Which of the following statements is true according to the first paragraph?

A.Color patterns of our dreams may affect our mood directly.

B.A long time records of our dreams can predict our future events.

C.Color patterns of our dreams show what emotional states we are in.

D.When we experience crises in his life, we always have nightmares.

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