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A new study on birds’ sleep has revealed that ________.
A) half brain sleep is found in a wide variety of birds
B) half brain sleep is characterized by slow brain waves
C) birds can control their half brain sleep consciously
D) birds seldom sleep with the whole of their brain at rest
答案
更多“A new study on birds’ sleep has revealed that ________. A) half brain sleep is fou”相关的问题
第1题
______ believe(s) that birds as well as some other non-human animals show intelligence.
A．Biologists
B．A new generation of scientists
C．Researchers of the University of Arizona
D．Only Dr Hunt and his colleagues
第2题
Emerging evidence is painting a very different scenario， one in which rising temperatures could benefit millions of Africans in the driest parts of the continent. Scientists are now seeing signals that the Sahara desert and surrounding regions are greening due to increasing rainfall. If sustained， these rains could revitaliｚe drought－ravaged regions， reclaiming them for farming communities. This desert－shrinking trend is supported by climate models， which predict a return to conditions that turned the Sahara into a lush savanna some 12，000 years ago.
The green shoots of recovery are showing up on satellite images of regions including the Sahel， a semi－desert ｚone bordering the Sahara to the south that stretches some 2，400 miles.
Images taken between 1982 and 2002 revealed extensive regreening throughout the Sahel， according to a new study in the journal Biogeosciences. The study suggests huge increases in vegetation in areas including central Chad and western Sudan. The transition may be occurring because hotter air has more capacity to hold moisture， which in turn creates more rain， said Martin Claussen of the Max Ｐlanck Institute for Meteorology in Hamburg， Ｇermany， who was not involved in the new study. ＂The water－holding capacity of the air is the main driving force，＂ Claussen said.
While satellite images can＇t distinguish temporary plants like grasses that come and go with the rains， ground surveys suggest recent vegetation change is firmly rooted. In the eastern Sahara area of southwestern Egypt and northern Sudan， new trees—such as acacias—are flourishing， according to Stefan Ｋr？pelin， a climate scientist at the University of Cologne＇s Africa Ｒesearch Unit in Ｇermany.
＂Before， there was not a single scorpion， not a single blade of grass，＂ saidＫr？pelin， who has studied the region for two decades.＂Now you have people graｚing their camels in areas which may not have been used for hundreds or even thousands of years. Ｙou see birds， ostriches， gaｚelles coming back， even sorts of amphibians coming back，＂ he said.＂The trend has continued for more than 20 years. It is indisputable.＂
An explosion in plant growth has been predicted by some climate models.For instance， in 2005 a team led by Ｒeindert Haarsma of the Ｒoyal Netherlands Meteorological Institute in De Bilt， the Netherlands， forecast significantly more future rainfall in the Sahel.The study in Ｇeophysical Ｒesearch Letters predicted that rainfall in the Ｊuly to September wet season would rise by up to two millimeters a day by 2080.
Satellite data shows ＂that indeed during the last decade， the Sahel is becoming more green，＂ Haarsma said.Even so， climate scientists don＇t agree on how future climate change will affect the Sahel： Some studies simulate a decrease in rainfall.＂This issue is still rather uncertain，＂ Haarsma said.
Max Ｐlanck＇s Claussen said North Africa is the area of greatest disagreement among climate change modelers.Forecasting how global warming will affect the region is complicated by its vast siｚe and the unpredictable influence of high－altitude winds that disperse monsoon rains， Claussen added.＂Half the models follow a wetter trend， and half a drier trend.＂
86. According to the first paragraph， global warming is supposed to have the following impacts on Africa EＸCEＰT
A.water deficiency
B.distress
C. desertifications
D. more grasses and lakes
第3题
A warmer world is going to be a sicker world for everything
from trees to marine life to people, according to a new report by a
panel of U.S. scientists. But opponents remain unconvincing there is 【S1】______
sufficient evidence to support the conclusion.
A team of researchers led by Drew Harvell at Cornell University
have completed a two-year study into climate-disease links. "That is 【S2】______
most surprising is the fact that cli mate sensitive outbreak are 【S3】______
happening with so many different types of pathogens—viruses,
bacteria and parasites (寄生虫)—as well in such a wide 【S4】______
range of hosts including corals (珊瑚虫), oysters, land plants
and birds," Harvell says.
the Co-researcher Richard Ostfeld, an animal ecologist at
Institute of Ecosystem Studies, adds, "This isn't just a
question of coral bleaching for a few marine ecologists, or just 【S5】______
a question of malaria (疟疾) for a few healthy officials—the
number of similar increases in disease incidence is astonishing.
We don't want to be alarmist, but we are alarmed."
The U.S. team found evidence for a variety of routes
for climate warming to adverse affect disease spread, For 【S6】______
instance, warmer winters could reduce seasonal die-off many
pathogens and their carders, or allow them to move into areas
what were previously too cold.
The researchers examined a number of human diseases 【S7】______
which spread researchers have connected to warming, including 【S8】______
malaria, Lyme disease, yellow fever and others. Most involved
in the expanded range of carriers into higher latitudes. The 【S9】______
authors concede that such connections are controversial because
countless factors except climate, such as economics and failed 【S10】______
Prevention measures, play roles in the spread of human diseases.
【S1】
第4题
What does the new Peabody study find？
A.Pre-K achievements usually do not last long.
B.The third grade marks a new phase of learning.
C.The third grade is critical to children's development.
D.Quality has not been the top concern of pre-K programs.
第5题
第6题
A．petition
B．plead
C．resort
D．reproach
第7题
听力原文： Ecology is the study of the interrelationship of living things to their environment. This even includes the study of nonliving things. In recent years, ecology has become a source of great interest to many people who live in the United States and Canada. The interest has been increasing because some experts feel that we are destroying the land on which we live. They also feel that we can stop this destruction by being more careful.
Some of the environmental problems are caused by industry. Wastes pollute the waters. Gases and fumes poison the air. When air and water are polluted, then fish, birds, and other living cream die. Human life is also affected by industrial neglect. People become poisoned in many ways while working on and around unsafe plants and factories. Nuclear power plants have caused great controversy.
People also cause some of the problems. Cars that people drive pour fumes into the air we breathe. Garbage is sometimes dumped into streams that supply drinking water. Forest fires are often caused by careless campers. Beaches and city streets are littered with rubbish.
(30)
A．Living things.
B．Living things and nonliving things.
C．The environmental problems caused by industry and people.
D．The interrelationship of living things to their environment.
第8题
The word "project "(Line 2, Para.4) refers to ______.
A．a comprehensive study of juvenile delinquency
B．a full exploration of research designs
C．an extensive research on crime
D．a further investigation into new research techniques
第9题
A Grassroots Remedy
Most of us spend our lives seeking the natural world. To this end, we walk the dog, play golf, go fishing, sit in the garden, drink outside rather than inside the pub, have a picnic, live in the suburbs, go to the seaside, buy a weekend place in the country. The most popular leisure activity in Britain is going for a walk. And when joggers(慢跑者)jog, they don't run the streets. Every one of them instinctively heads to the park or the river. It is my profound belief that not only do we all need nature, but we all seek nature, whether we know we are doing so or not.
But despite this, our children are growing up nature-deprived (丧失). I spent my boyhood climbing trees on Streatham Common, South London. These days, children are robbed of these ancient freedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the open spaces and odd new perceptions about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found.
The truth is to be found elsewhere. A study in the US: families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD—attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (多动症). Those whose accommodation had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%; those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%.
A study in Sweden indicated that kindergarten children who could play in a natural environment had less illness and greater physical ability than children used only to a normal playground. A US study suggested that when a school gave children access to a natural environment, academic levels were raised across the entire school.
Another study found that children play differently in a natural environment. In playgrounds, children create a hierarchy(等级) based on physical abilities, with the tough ones taking the lead. But when a grassy area was planted with bushes, the children got much more into fantasy play, and the social hierarchy was now based on imagination and creativity.
Most bullying（恃强凌弱）is found in schools where there is a tarmac(柏油碎石) playground; the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to explore. This reminds me unpleasantly of Sunnyhill School in Streatham, with its harsh tarmac, where I used to hang about in corners fantasising about wildlife.
But children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural spaces, for health and safety reasons, for fear that they might get dirty or that they might cause damage. So, instead, the damage is done to the children themselves: not to their bodies but to their souls.
One of the great problems of modern childhood is ADHD, now increasingly and expensively treated with drugs.
Yet one study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children. However, we spend money on drugs rather than on green places.
The life of old people is measurably better when they have access to nature. The increasing emphasis for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years. And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality.
In wider and more difficult areas of life, there is evidence to indicate that natural surroundings improve all kinds of things. Even problems with crime and aggressive behaviour are reduced when there is contact with the natural world.
Dr William Bird, researcher from the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, states in his study, "A natural environment can reduce violent behaviour because its restorative process helps reduce anger and impulsive behaviour. " Wild places need encouraging for this reason, no matter how small their contribution.
We tend to look on nature conservation as some kind of favour that human beings are granting to the natur
A．People instinctively seek nature in different ways.
B．People should spend most of their lives in the wild.
C．People have quite different perceptions of nature.
D．People must make more efforts to study nature.
第10题
The new trend in artificial intelligence research stems from ________.
A) the shift of the focus of study on to the recognition of the shapes of objects
B) the belief that human intelligence cannot be duplicated with logical, step-by-step programs
C) the aspirations of scientists to duplicate the intelligence of a ten-month-old child
D) the efforts made by scientists in the study of the similarities between transistors and brain cells
