Opinion polls are now beginning to show an unwilling general agreement that, whoever is to - 赤豆云问答

第1题

Research carried out in recent opinion polls shows that _________A．the present high

Research carried out in recent opinion polls shows that _________

A．the present high unemployment figures are a fact of life

B．new jobs .must be created in order to rectify high unemployment figures

C．available employment must be most widely distributed among the unemployment

D．available employment should be restricted to a small percentage of the population

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第2题

Opinion polls are now beginning to show a reluctant consensus that, whoever is to blame an

d whatever happens from now on, high unemployment is probably here to stay. This means we shall have to find ways of sharing the available employment more widely.

But we need to go further. We must ask some fundamental questions about the future of work. Should we continue to treat employment as the norm？ Should we not rather encourage many other ways for self-respecting people to work？ Should we not Create conditions in which many of us can work for ourselves, rather than for an employer？ Should we not aim to revive the household and neighborhood, as well as the factory and the office, as centres of production and work？

The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people's work has taken the form. of jobs. The industrial age may now be coming to an end, and some of the changes in work patterns which it brought may have to be reversed. This seems a daunting thought. But, in fact, it could offer the prospect of a better future for work. Universal employment, as its history shows, has not meant economic freedom.

Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th' centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving them of the use of the land, and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves. Then the factory system destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from people's homes. Later, as transport improved, first by rail then

by road, people commuted longer distances to their places of employment until, eventually, many people's work lost all connection with their home lives and the places in which they lived.

Meanwhile, employment put women at a disadvantage as men and women had shared the productive work of the household and village community in pre-industrial times, while now it becomes customary for the husband to go out to paid employment, leaving the unpaid work of the home and family to his wife. Also as employment became the dominant form. of work, young people and old people were excluded—a problem now, as more teenagers become frustrated at school and more retired people want to live active lives.

All this may now have to change. The time has certainly come to switch some effort and re- sources away from the Utopian goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgent practical task of helping many people to manage without full-time jobs.

Research carried out in recent opinion polls shows that ______.

A．the present high unemployment figures are a fact of life

B．new jobs must be created in order to rectify high unemployment figures

C．available employment must be most widely distributed among the unemployment

D．available employment should be restricted to a small percentage of the population

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第3题

听力原文：M: Do you know the thing that's always struck me as odd about opinion polls？W: Wh

听力原文：M: Do you know the thing that's always struck me as odd about opinion polls？

W: What's that？

M: The percentages. Like recently there was a survey about what people thought about traffic, and petrol prices, and public car parks. In some car parks it now costs something like ＄5 to park a car for half an hour.

W: Yeah, but I don't see what you're getting at.

M: What I mean is the percentages in the results. So there might be 70% of people who complained about the high petrol prices, and 60% who want to see the traffic reduced, and 65% who think the car park charges are too high. Does that mean that there are 35% who actually think the charges are OK and would even be prepared to pay more, and another 30% who think the petrol prices are OK？ I mean that's absurd. I don't know anyone who doesn't think they're too high.

W: Well, actually I think we should pay more.

M: Come on, you're joking.

W: No, seriously. I think we should pay more for petrol, even twice as much maybe, and certainly far more for inner city car parks.

M: But why？

W: More taxes should be charged on petrol, I think, to discourage people from using cars, and a kind of graded charging system for car parks depending on how far they are from the city center.

M: What do you mean？

W: Well, if you park your car quite far from the city center then you'll pay a nominal amount as a kind of reward for not polluting the city center. Well, the closer you get to the center, the more you are punished. Prices in the center should be totally prohibitive. I mean with an efficient bus or tram service there's no excuse for using cars.

M: Yeah, but you can't punish people who don't use their car to go into town. I mean if you doubled the price of petrol, it would cost people a fortune to go anywhere, even on short trips, and especially on holidays.

W: Don't use your car then. Use a train.

M: Well, anyway, I still can't believe that 30% of those people who said car park charges were OK all think the same as you.

W: Well, maybe that's where you are wrong. Just think about what I've said and you'll realize that perhaps it's not as stupid as it sounds.

(23)

A．Traffic cost.

B．Public transport.

C．Car parks.

D．Road taxes.

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第4题

The European Union had approved a number of geneticallymodified crops until 1998.But growi

The European Union had approved a number of genetically

modified crops until 1998. But growing public concern over its S1.______

supposed environmental and health risks led several EU countries

to demand a moratorium(暂时禁止) on imports of any new GM

produce. By lately 1999 there were enough such countries to block S2.______

any new approvals of GM produce.

Last year, America filed a complaint at the WTO about the

moratorium, arguing that it was an illegal trade barrier because

there is scientific basis for it. As more studies have been completed S3.______

on the effects of GM crops, the green's case against them has S4.______

weakened.

Much evidence has emerged of health risks from eating them. S5.______

And, overall, the studies have shown that the environmental

effects of modifying crops are not always as serious as the greens S6.______

claim. Nevertheless, environmentalists continue to find fault with

such studies and argue which they are inconclusive. S7.______

While Americans seem happy enough to consume food made

from GM crops, opinion polls continue to show that European

consumers dislike the idea. Europeans seem to be taken the attitude S8.______

which, since there remains the slightest possibility of adverse

consequences and since it was still unclear how they, as consumers S9.______

benefit of GM crops, they would rather not run the risk. S10.______

【S1】

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第5题

The European Union had approved a number of geneticallymodified crops until late 1998. But

The European Union had approved a number of genetically

modified crops until late 1998. But growing public concern

over its supposed environmental and health risks led several 【M1】______

EU countries to demand a moratorium (暂时禁止) on imports

of any new GM produce. By late 1999 there were enough such

country to block any new approvals of GM produce. 【M2】______

Last year, America filed a complaint at the WTO about the

moratorium, arguing that it was an illegal trade barrier

because there was no scientific base for it. 【M3】______

As more studies have been completed on the effects

of GM crops, the greens' case for them has weakened. 【M4】______

Much evidence has emerged of health risks from eating 【M5】______

them. And, overall, the studies have shown that the

environmental effects on modified crops are, not always 【M6】______

as serious as the greens claim. Nevertheless, environmentalists

continue to find fault of such studies and argue that 【M7】______

they are inconclusive.

While Americans seem happy enough to consume food made

from GM crops, opinion polls continue to show that European

consumers dislike the idea. Europeans seem be taking the attitude 【M8】______

which, since there remains the slightest possibility of adverse 【M9】______

consequences and since it is clear how they, as consumers, benefit 【M10】______

from GM crops, they would rather not run the risk.

【M1】

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第6题

听力原文：Man: Do you know the thing that's always struck me as odd about opinion polls？Wom

听力原文：Man: Do you know the thing that's always struck me as odd about opinion polls？

Woman: What's that？.

Man: The percentages. Like recently there was a survey about what people thought about traffic, and petrol prices and public car parks. In some car parks it now costs something like ￡5 to park a car for half an hour.

Woman: Yeah, but I don't see what you are getting at？

Man: What I mean is the percentages m the result. So there might be 70% of people who complained about high petrol prices, and 60% who want to see the traffic reduced, and 65% who think car park charges are too high. Does that mean that there are 35% who actually think the charges are OK and would even be prepared to pay more, and another 30% who think petrol prices are OK？ I mean that's absurd. I don't know anyone who doesn't think they' re too high.

Woman: Well, actually I think we should pay more.

Man: Come on, you're joking.

Woman: No, I'm serious. I think we should pay more fur petrol, even twice as much maybe, and certainly far more for inner city ear parks.

Man: But why？

Woman: More taxes should be charged on petrol, I think, to discourage people from using cars, and a kind of graded charging system for car parks depending on how far they are from the city center.

Man: What do you mean？

Woman: Well, If you park your car quite far from the city center then you pay a nominal amount as a kind of reward for not polluting the city canter. Well, the closer you get to the center, the more you are penalized. Prices in the center should be totally prohibitive. I mean with an efficient bus or tram service there's no excuse for using cars.

Man: Yeah, but you can't penalize people who don't use their car to go into town. I mean if you doubled the price of petrol, it would cost people a fortune to go anywhere, even on short trips, and especially on holidays.

Woman: Don't use your ear. Use a min.

Man: But what about lorries？ I mean they use a lot of petrol to transport goods from one place to another.

Woman: So what's to stop these goods being transported by train or even via canal？

Man: Well, anyway, I still can't believe that 30% of those people who, said car park charges were OK. All think the same as you.

Woman: Well, maybe that's where you were wrong. Just think about what I've said and you'll realize that perhaps its not so stupid as it sounds.

(23)

A．Traffic, petrol prices, and public car parks.

B．Public transport, petrol prices, and car parks.

C．Public transport, -car parks, and vehicle 'taxes.

D．Traffic, vehicle taxes, and mad 'taxes

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第7题

Questions下列各are based on the following passage. Someday a stranger will read your e-mai

l without your permission or scan the Websites youve visited. Orperhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchases or cell phone bills to find out yourshopping preferences or calling habits. In fact, its likely some of these things have already happened to you. Who would watch you without yourpermission？ It might be a spouse, a girlfriend, a marketing company, a boss, a cop or a criminal. Whoever it is, theywill see you in a way you never intended to be seen--the 21st century equivalent of being caught naked. Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, that its important to reveal yourself to friends, family and loversin stages, at appropriate times. But few boundaries remain. The digital bread crumbs (碎屑) you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are, where you are and what you like. In somecases, a simple Google search can reveal what you think. Like it or not, increasingly we live in a world where yousimply cannot keep a secret. The key question is: Does that matter？ For many Americans, the answer apparently is "no." When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy, most say they are concerned about losing it. A survey foundan overwhelming pessimism about privacy, with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is"slipping away, and that bothers me." But people say one thing and do another. Only a tiny fraction of Americans change any behaviors in an effortto preserve their privacy. Few people turn down a discount at tollbooths (收费站) to avoid using the EZ-Pass system that can track automobile movements. And few turn down supermarket loyalty cards. Privacyeconomist Alessandro Acquisti has run a series of tests that reveal people will surrender personal information likeSocial Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-offcoupon(优惠劵). But privacy does matter--at least sometimes. Its like health: When you have it, you dont notice it. Only when its gone do you wish youd done more to protect it. What does the author mean by saying "the 21 st century equivalent of being caught naked" (Line 3, Para.2 )？

A.Peoples personal information is easily accessed without their knowledge.

B.In the 21 st century people try every means to look into others secrets.

C.People tend to be more frank with each other in the information age.

D.Criminals are easily caught on the spot with advanced technology.

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第8题

A．Based on the polls of public opinions.B．By interviewing people who file complaints.C

A．Based on the polls of public opinions.

B．By interviewing people who file complaints.

C．By analyzing the domestic and international situation.

D．Based on public expectations and editors' judgment.

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第9题

What didn't happen during the polls conducted by the Royal Society？A．The Royal Society con

What didn't happen during the polls conducted by the Royal Society？

A．The Royal Society conducted the survey among both the scientists and the common people.

B．The surveys designed were based on the contribution the two scientists made to science.

C．The surveys designed were based on the contribution the two scientists made to mankind.

D．The Royal Society evaluated the contribution of the two scientists to science and mankind.

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第10题

根据材料请回答下列各 Opinion polls are now beginning to show a reluctant consensus that, w

hoever is to blame and whateverhappens from now on, high unemployment is probably here to stay. This means we shall have to find ways ofsharing the available employment more widely. But we need to go further. We must ask some fundamentalquestions about the future of work. Should we continue to treat employment as the norm？ Should we not ratherencourage many other ways for self-respecting people to work？ Should we not create conditions in which many ofus can work for ourselves, rather than for an employer？ Should we not aim to revive the household and theneighborhood, as well as the factory and the office, as centers of production and work？ The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most peoples work has taken the formof jobs. The industrial age may now be coming to an end, and some of the changes in work patterns which itbrought.may have to be reversed. This seems a daunting thought. But, in fact, it could offer the prospect of a betterfuture for work. Universal employment, as its history shows, has not meant economic freedom. Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries made many peopledependent on paid work by depriving them of the use of the land, and thus of the means to provide a living forthemselves. Then the factory system destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from peoples homes.Later, as transport improved, first by rail and then by mad, people commuted longer distances to their places ofemployment until, eventually, many peoples work lost all connection with their home lives and the places inwhich they lived. Meanwhile, employment put women at a disadvantage. In pre-industrial times, men and women had sharedthe productive work of the household and village community. Now it became customary for the husband to go outto paid employment, leaving the unpaid work of the home and the family to his wife. Tax and benefit regulationsstill assume this norm today, and restrict more flexible sharing of work roles between the sexes. It was not only women whose work status suffered. As employment became the dominant form. of work,young people and old people were excluded-a problem now, as more teenagers become frustrated at school andmore retired people want to live active lives. All this may now have to change. The time has certainly come to switch some effort and resources away fromthe utopian goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgent practical task of helping many people to manage without full-time jobs. According to the author, the universal employment has_________ A． turned out not to be the best form. of jobs B． created an alternative form. of jobs C．built the foundation of an economic leap D． failed to produce job opportunities for most people

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