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The early pioneers had to______(经历) many hardships to settle mi the new land.
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更多“The early pioneers had to______（经历) many hardships to settle mi the new land.”相关的问题
第1题
听力原文： During the early American colonial years, corn was more plentiful than wheat, so corn bread was more common than wheat bread. Friendly Indians showed colonists how to grow corn and how to prepare it for food and pioneer women then improved the Indian cooking techniques. When people traveled, they went on foot or horseback, sleeping and eating in the forests. They carried corn bread for sustenance. The corn bread came to be called journeyeake. Later when roads and taverns were built and stagecoaches carried passengers, journeycake became johnnycake, a name many easterners still use for corn bread. The kinds of bread made with cornmeal were and still are almost without limit. Every region has its specialties.
From the start, southerners showed a preference for white eorm:neal, northerners for yellow. And pioneers on the frontier, when they ran out of yeast, made salt-rising bread. They stirred together water, a little water ground cornmeal, potatoes, and salt. They set the mixture, uncovered, in a warm place until it absorbed bacteria from the air and began to ferment. Then they removed the potatoes and used the liquid as leavening for their bread, made with white flour.
(33)
A．The colonists preferred corn bread.
B．Corn was more abundant.
C．The colonists did not know how to make wheat bread.
D．Corn bread did not spoil as rapidly as wheat bread did.
第2题
Human babies are born in immature, helpless states, owing to ______.
A．the early birth of human fetuses
B．the big brains of the fetus
C．the constricted birth canals of the mother
D．both big brains and constricted birth canals
第3题
A growing group of AI researchers think they know where the field went wrong. The problem, the scientists say, is that AI has been trying to separate the highest, most abstract levels of thought, like language and mathematics, and to duplicate them with logical, step-by-step programs. A new movement in AI, on the other hand, takes a closer look at the more roundabout way in which nature came up with intelligence. Many of these researchers study evolution and natural adaptation instead of formal logic and conventional computer programs. Rather than digital computers and transistors, some want to work with brain cells and proteins. The results of these early efforts are as promising as they are peculiar, and the new nature-based AI movement is slowly but surely moving to the forefront of the field.
Imitating the brain’s neural (神经的) network is a huge step in the right direction, says computer scientist and biophysicist Michael Conrad, but it still misses an important aspect of natural intelligence. “People tend to treat the brain as if it were made up of color-coded transistors”, he explains, “but it’s not simply a clever network of switches. There are lots of important things going on inside the brain cells themselves.” Specifically, Conrad believes that many of the brain’s capabilities stem from the pattern recognition proficiency of the individual molecules that make up each brain cell. The best way to build and artificially intelligent device, he claims, would be to build it around the same sort of molecular skills.
Right now, the option that conventional computers and software are fundamentally incapable of matching the processes that take place in the brain remains controversial. But if it proves true, then the efforts of Conrad and his fellow AI rebels could turn out to be the only game in town.
第26题：The author says that the powerful computers of today ________.
A) are capable of reliably recognizing the shape of an object
B) are close to exhibiting humanlike behavior
C) are not very different in their performance from those of the 50’s
D) still cannot communicate with people in a human language
第4题
In the early 1950’s historians who studies preindustrial Europe (which we may define here as Europe in the period from roughly 1300 to 1800) began, for the first time in large numbers, to investigate more of the reindustrial European population than the 2 or 3 percent who comprised the political and social elite(精华): the kings, generals, judges, nobles, bishops, and local magnates(要人)who had hitherto(迄今)usually filled history books.
第5题
What conclusion can we draw from the passage？
A.The human body requires a large amount of hormones.
B.Synthetic hormones can replace a person s natural supply of hormones if necessary.
C.The quantity of hormones produced and their effect on the body are related to a persons age.
D.The short child of tall parents probably had a hormone deficiency early in life.
第6题
第7题
A．Because they modernized the ancient gymnastics.
B．Because they were the pioneers of the modem gymnastics.
C．Because they had strict disciplines and strong body.
D．Because they had dominated the entire event in earlier days at the Olympic Games.
第8题
These conditions continued until after World War Ⅱ. At that time, new treatments were discovered for some major mental illnesses considered untreatable (penicillin for syphilis of the brain and insuered for some major mental illnesses considered untreatable (penicillin for syphilis of the brain and insulin treatment for schizophrenia and depressions)), and a succession of books, motion pictures, and newspaper exposes called attention to the plight of the mentally ill. Improvements were made, and Dr. David Vail's Humane Practices Program is a beacon for today. But changes were slow in coming until the early 1960s. At that time, the Civil Rights Movement led lawyers to investigate America's prisons, which were disproportionately populated by blacks, and they in turn followed prisoners into the only institutions that were worse than the prisons—the hospitals for the criminally insane. The prisons were filled with angry young men who, encouraged by legal support, were quick to demand their right. The hospitals for the criminally insane, by contrast, were populated with people who were considered "crazy" and who were often kept obediently in their place through the use of severe bodily restraints and large doses of major tranquilizers. The young cadre of public interest lawyers liked their role in the mental hospitals. The lawyers found a population that was both passive and easy to champion. These were, after all, people who unlike criminals, had done nothing wrong. And in many states, they were being kept in horrendous institutions, and injustice, which once exposed, was bound to shock the public and, particularly, the judicial conscience.
Judicial interventions have had some definite positive effects, but there is growing awareness that courts cannot provide the standards and the review mechanisms that assure good patient care. The details of providing day-to-day care simply cannot be mandated by a court, so it is time to take from the courts the responsibility for delievery of mental health care and assurance of patient rights and return it to the state mental health administrators to whom the mandate was originally given. Though it is a difficult task, administrators must undertake to write rules and standards and to provide the training and patient rights are respected.
The main purpose of the passage is to ______.
A．discuss the influence of Dorothea Dix on the mental health movement
B．provide an historical perspective on problems of mental health care
C．increase public awareness of the plight of the mentally iii
D．shock the reader with vivid descriptions of asylums
第9题
Some of the pioneers of the new economy are saying very strange things. These moguls of modern-day capitalism solemnly deny that they are engaged in business for the purpose of making money. What's going on here？ Adam Smith, the founding father of capitalism, presumed that people engage in commercial activity for the purpose of economic gain. Have capitalism's most successful practitioners evolved beyond such base intentions？ Are we to infer that the world's largest wealth-creation scheme is being driven largely by nonprofit motives？
Not really. New-economy tycoons still like to make money. They simply want to make clear that they are also driven by higher motives. And this trend in pursuit of higher things is spreading through the business world. A recent editorial in the Red Herring posited business as an expression of the highest human capacities: "Money comes to those who do it for love." Such talk has become so common that we have to remind ourselves that it is a fairly recent innovation. You probably don't have the time to review the immense sociological literature on the attitudes of workers in the early and middle part of the 20th century. A single book, Studs Terkel's Working, should be enough to make the point, or perhaps just a brief talk with some old guys about their work philosophy. You won't hear a lot of mush about saving the world or finding nirvana in the workplace. To these people, today's rhetoric about meaning in the workplace must sound absurd.
The attempt to find higher purpose and meaning in work is likely to fail. In the few cases where it does not, it will probably fall short of our expectations. Modem technological capitalism, for all its vitality and efficiency, cannot supply on its own a meaning to life. This isn't just a philosophical matter. When we seek meaning in work at the expense of the institutions society has built specifically to contain meaning—the arts, our families, the church and so on—we risk a great deal. We may not merely disappoint ourselves; we could disrupt the very prosperity the free market has provided us.
The traditional capitalist view is that people ______.
A．engage in commercial activity for the purpose of economic gain
B．are driven largely by non-profit motives
C．do the things that they do for love
D．tend to search for meaning in their lives
第10题
A) fortunes
B) property
C) opportunities
D) treasure
