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A．transit
B．transaction
C．transmission
D．transition
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更多“Anyone who can study abroad is fortunate; but, of course, it is not easy to make the _____”相关的问题
第1题
M: Yes, it's no secret that we're into computers. And why not？ On the Internet, we can catch up on news, plan vacations, pay bills and make friends. But for some, once they type their way onto the Internet, they just can't stop.
W: Who do you think are getting hooked？
M: Internet addiction can happen to anyone who's lonely. It includes two surprising groups: college students and homemakers.
W: How does that happen？
M: Away from their families, homesick and overwhelmed, many college students seek connections on the computer. And homemakers are prone to addiction too, if they're shy. Face-to-face talking can create anxiety. The chat room eliminates all that.
W: But the more on-line connections vulnerable people make, the more they may neglect the connections they hold dear in real life.
M: Yea. Apart from that, the Internet can also be harmful to them. In a recent study, 51 percent of men and 42 percent of women named the Internet as one of the reasons they're not getting enough sleep! And 68 percent of Internet addicts surveyed said their on-line usage was destroying their relationships. The person will retire to the computer at night instead of the bedroom, and form. cyberspace relationships with strangers instead of communicating with a spouse.
W: It does make us worry. Do you have any suggestions for us？
M: Well, there are steps to take to make sure your family doesn't get hooked, for example, you can put the computer in a common area like a living room where you can't spend hour after hour online. You can use a timer to limit on-line time. But I think the best way is to join a club. Anyone with balanced and face-to-face contact with others isn't likely to get hooked.
(20)
A．College professors.
B．Computer users.
C．Lonely people.
D．Internet surfers.
第2题
【69】the utmost importance is your attitude. A person who begins a job【70】that he isn't going to like it or is sure that he is going to fail is【71】a weakness which can only【72】his success. On the other hand, a person who is【73】in his belief that he is probably as【74】of doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerful【75】at it possesses a certain strength of purpose. The【76】are that he will do well.
Having the prerequisite (先决条件，前提) skills for a particular job is strength.【77】those skills is obviously a weakness. A bookkeeper who can't add【78】a carpenter who can't cut a straight line with a saw are hopeless【79】.
This book has been designed to help you capitalize (利用] ) on the strength and【80】the weakness that you bring to the job of learning. But you must first take stock of somewhere you stand now.【81】we get further along in the book, we'll be dealing in【82】with specific processes for developing and strengthening learning skills.【83】, to begin with, you should【84】to examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas that are【85】to your success or failure in school: your【86】, your reading and communication skills, and your study habits.
(68)
A．improvement
B．victory
C．failure
D．achievement
第3题
American higher education stands on the brink of chaos.
Never have so many spent so long learning so little. The present
crisis stems from the increasing widespread acceptance among 【S1】______.
faculty and administrators of the fatal educational principle
which a student should not be required to do any academic work 【S2】______.
that displeases him. If a student prefers not to study science or history
or literature, he has allowed to attain his degree without studying any 【S3】______.
science, history, or literature.
In America the attempt is being made to provide students
with what is advised as a liberal education without requiring by them 【S4】______.
the necessary self-discipline and hard work. Students have been led to
believe they can achieve without effort, that all they need to do is skip
light-heartedly down the merry road to learning. Fortunately, that road 【S5】______.
is no more than a detour (弯路) to the dead end of ignorance.
We must realize that becoming an educated person is a
difficult, demanded enterprise. Just as anyone who regards intense 【S6】______.
physical training as a source of delight would be thought a fool, for
we all know how much pain such training involves, but anyone who 【S7】______.
speaks intense mental exertion as a source of joy ought to be thought 【S8】______.
equally foolish, for such effort also involves pain. It is painful to have
one's ignorance exposing and frustrating to be baffled by intellectual 【S9】______.
subtleties. Of course, there can be joy in learning as there can be in sport.
But in both cases a joy is the result of overcoming challenges and can't 【S10】______.
be experienced without toil.
【S1】
第4题
听力原文：M: What do you think of the campus Network？
W: I think it still needs further improvements; it was only set up a few months ago.
M: I think it's a fantastic idea to have every department's computers connected. But it's a pity you can only access the China Education and Research Network within the campus Network. You can't visit some domestic websites, not to mention the international ones.
W: You are right. But with your own desktop and a modem, you won't have this problem.
M: Then you will have another problem. The connection speed sometimes slows to a trickle and it really puts users in a pickle.
W: Come on, you have to face it, the number of netizens, I mean, the Internet surfers, is growing so fast in China. There is good news, though. Some telecom departments have started increasing the bandwidth of Internet connection, so the transmission is expected to speed up at the end of this year.
M: Wow, I think it's not only good news for the average Internet surfer, but also wonderful for online education in China.
W: Yeah, with online education, the long-distance education in China will expand a lot. Students, used to studying radio or television programs, now can have another alternative.
M: For many people who can not study on a fixed schedule, online education should suit them best.
W: Oh, sure. Online education gives students enough flexibility, and what's more important, their studies are entirely interactive. You turn in your homework and then get the teacher's comments in no time.
M: I hope China can set up more net colleges; anyone who can not study in a traditional college can thus have access to higher education.
W: It's not a hope but already reality now. That's why some people say the Internet is an equalizer. It allows people access information more readily, thus narrowing the gap between the haves and the have nots.
(20)
A．Workers.
B．Students.
C．Engineers.
D．Businessmen.
第5题
(1) Life can be tough for immigrants in America. As a Romanian bank clerk in Atlanta puts it, to find a good job “you have to be like a wolf in the forest – able to smell out the best meat.” And if you can’t find work, don’t expect the taxpayer to bail you out. Unlike in some European countries, it is extremely hard for an able-bodied immigrant to live off the state. A law passed in 1996 explicitly bars most immigrants, even those with legal status, from receiving almost any federal benefits. (2) That is one reason why America absorbs immigrants better than any other rich countries, according to a new study by the University of California. The researchers sought to measure the effect of immigration on the native-born in 20 rich countries, taking into account differences in skills between immigrants and natives, imperfect labor markets and the size of the welfare state in each country. (3) Their results offer ammunition for fans of more open borders. In 19 out of 20 countries, the authors calculated that shutting the doors entirely to foreign workers would make the native-born worse off. Never mind what it would do to the immigrants themselves, who benefit far more than anyone else from being allowed to cross borders to find work. (4) The study also suggests that most countries could handle more immigration than they currently allow. In America, a one-percentage point increase in the proportion of immigrants in the population made the native-born 0.05% better off. The opposite was true in some countries with generous or ill-designed welfare states, however. A one-point rise in immigration made the native-born slightly worse off in Austria, Belgium, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Sweden and Switzerland. In Belgium, immigrants who lose jobs can receive almost two-thirds of their most recent wage in state benefits, which must make the hunt for a new job less urgent. (5) None of these effects was large, but the study undermines the claim that immigrants steal jobs from native or drag down their wages. Many immigrants take jobs that Americans do not want, the study finds. This “smooths” the labor market and ultimately creates more jobs for locals. Native-owned grocery stores do better business because there are immigrants to pick the fruit they sell. Indian computer scientists help American software firms expand. A previous study found that because immigrants typically earn less than locals with similar skills, they boost corporate profits, prompting companies to grow and hire more locals. 1. Increase in immigration in Austria fails to improve locals’ life mainly because of ________.
A、low wages for locals
B、imperfect labor markets
C、the design of the welfare system
D、inadequate skills of immigrants
第6题
听力原文： Thirty years ago, anyone blaming loneliness for physical illness would have been laughed at. But as scientists studied different populations, loneliness kept emerging as a risk factor. In one study, Californian researchers followed 4,700 residents of Alameda County for 10 years, starting in 1965.
At first, the participants reported their key sources of companionship and estimated the time they devoted to each other. During the study, the people who reported the least social contact died at nearly three times the rate of those reporting the most. The source of companionship didn't matter, but time spent with others was critical.
Since then, researchers have studied men, women, soldiers and students from countries all over the world. And the same pattern keeps emerging. Women who say they feel isolated go on to die of cancer at several times the expected rate. College students who report "strained and cold" relationships with their parents suffer extraordinary rates of hypertension and heart disease decades later. Heart-attack survivors who happen to live by themselves die at twice tile rate of those who live with others.
For those of us who are still healthy, the lesson should be obvious. It's clear that reaching out to others can help our bodies thrive. It's equally clear that we're growing more isolated. In 1900, only 5 percent of U.S. households consisted of one person living alone. The proportion reached 13 percent in 1960, and it stands at 25 percent today. In a book entitled Bowling Alone, author Robert Putnam shows that oar social connections are disappearing on other levels, too In 1976, Americans attended an average of 12 club meetings a year. The current average is five. Card games, dinner parties and shared family meals have all followed the same pattern. We all have a good excuse we're too busy but we shouldn't be surprised when it catches up with us.
(30)
A．The key source of connections.
B．The time spent with others.
C．The kind of social contact.
D．The degree of solitude.
第7题
听力原文：M: That's too bad we don't have anyone who can play defense in our team, Madam.
W: You are right, but cheer up! Don't you see we have plenty of players who can shoot three-pointers？
Q: What is their advantage according to the woman？
(17)
A．They can improve their team's defense very quickly.
B．They have lots of three-point shooters.
C．Their team members can shoot accurately.
D．Their three-point shooters are better than other teams.
第8题
Obesity Epidemic
Ask anyone why there is an obesity epidemic and they will say that it's all down to eating too much and burning too few calories. That is undoubtedly true. But it's also true that we live in an "obesogenic (肥胖基因的) environment": calorific food is plentiful and cheap and our lifestyles are increasingly sedentary.
Now, obesity researchers are increasingly dissatisfied with such explanations. They believe that something else must have changed in our environment to cause such dramatic rises in obesity over the past 40 years or so. Nobody is saying that the "big two" -- reduced physical activity and increased availability of food -- are not important contributors to the epidemic. But they cannot explain it all.
Earlier this year a review paper by 20 obesity experts set out the 9 most plausible alternative explanations for the epidemic. Here they are.
Not Enough Sleep
It is widely believed that sleep is for the brain, not the body. Could a shortage of shut-eye also be helping to make us fat？
Several large epidemiological studies suggest there may be a link. People who sleep less than 7 hours a night tend to have a higher body mass index (BMI) than people who sleep more, according to data gathered by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Similarly, the US Nurses Health Study found that those who slept an average of 5 hours a night gained more weight during the study period than those who slept 6 hours, who in turn gained more than those who slept 7.
It's well known that obesity impairs sleep, so perhaps people get fat first and sleep less afterwards. But the nurses' study suggests that it can work in the other direction too: sleep loss may cause weight gain. One factor that could be at work here is the way sleep deprivation alters metabolism (新陈代谢). Leptin, the hormone that signals satiety (过饱), falls while ghrelin, which signals hunger, rises -- and this boosts appetite.
Climate Control
We humans, like all warm-blooded animals, can keep our core body temperatures pretty much constant regardless of what's going on in the world around us. We do this by altering our metabolic rate, shivering or sweating. Keeping warm and staying cool take energy.
There's no denying that surrounding temperatures have changed in the past few decades. In the US, the changes have been at the other end of the thermometer as the proportion of homes with air conditioning rose from 23 to 47 per cent between 1978 and 1997. In the southern states -- where obesity rates tend to be highest -- the number of houses with air con has shot up to 70 per cent from 37 per cent in 1978.
Could air conditioning in summer and heating in winter really make a difference to our weight？ Sadly, there is some evidence that it does -- at least with regard to heating.
Less Smoking
Bad news: smokers really do tend to be thinner than the rest of us, and quitting really does pack on the pounds, though no one is sure why. It probably has something to do with the fact that nicotine is an appetite suppressant and appears to up your metabolic rate.
Katherine Flegal and colleagues at the US National Center for Health Statistics in Hyattsville, Maryland, have calculated that people kicking the habit have been responsible for a small but significant portion of the US epidemic of fatness. From data collected around 1991 by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, they worked out that people who had quit in the previous decade were-much more likely to be overweight than smokers and people who had never smoked. Among men, for example, nearly half of quitters were Overweight compared with 37 per cent of nonsmokers and only 28 per cent of smokers.
Prenatal Effects
Your chances of becoming fat may be set, at least in part, before you are even born. Children of
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
第9题
Black, white and Asian children in this group show the same patterns. However, it is clear that blacks have been greatly overrepresented in the development of American popular music and greatly underrepresented in such fields as mathematics, science and engineering.
If the abilities required in analytical fields and in music are so closely related, how can there be this great discrepancy？ One reason is that the development of mathematical and other such abilities requires years of formal schooling, while certain musical talents can be developed with little or no formal training, as has happened with a number of well-known black musicians.
It is precisely in those kinds of music where one can acquire great skill without formal training that blacks have excelled popular music rather than classical music, piano rather than violin, blues rather than opera. This is readily understandable, given that most blacks, for most of American history, have not had either the money or the leisure for long years of formal study in music.
Blacks have not merely held their own in American popular music. They have played a disproportionately large role in the development of jazz, both traditional and modern. A long string of names comes to mind—Louis Armstrong, Charlie Parker... and so on.
None of this presupposes any special innate (先天的) ability of blacks in music. On the contrary, it is perfectly consisted with blacks having no more such inborn ability than anyone else, but being limited to being able to express such ability in narrower channels than others who have had the money, the time and the formal education to spread out over a wider ranger of music, as well as into mathematics, science and engineering.
What is the main idea of the first paragraph？
A．Mathematical ability and musical ability are connected.
B．Mathematical ability has more to do with the brain than musical ability.
C．More people are good at music than math.
D．More research should be done into the relationship between mathematical ability and musical ability.
第10题
M: This saying has been scientifically proven! According to our research, laughter strengthens the immune system and lowers the levels of stress hormones...
W: Can you be more specific？
M: Well, (23)after a bout of laughter, blood pressure drops to a lower, healthier level than when the laughter began. Dr. William Fry of Stanford University found that "twenty seconds of guffawing gives the heart the same workout as three minutes of hard rowing".
W: What else？
M: Another year-long study of heart attack victims done at the Oakhurst Health Research Institute in California found that of those patients who spent half an hour a day watching comedy videos, 10 percent had a second heart attack, whereas 30 percent of those who did not watch had a second attack.
W: Wow! Laughter is really a good medicine to patients. So do we have to learn to laugh？
M: Not necessarily. (24)Since laughing is something people can do sitting down, costs no money, and requires no special exercise equipment or skill, it's the perfect workout for anyone who doesn't have the time or desire to participate in a regular fitness program.
W: Oh, I see. What about the situation in which you aren't in a mood to laugh？
M: OK, remember, (25)even when you fake a smile or laugh, you get the same physiological benefits as when it's the real thing, because your mind is smart, but your body is stupid and can't tel1 the difference.
W: Great! I've learned it. Thank you very much!
M: My pleasure.
(20)
A．The levels of his stress hormones will be lowered.
B．His blood pressure will drop to a lower level.
C．He will have a better appetite.
D．His body temperature will rise.
