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A.one-way communication
B.two-way communication
C.complete communication
D.conscious communication
答案
更多“Communication with the ingredient of feedback can be called().”相关的问题
第1题
第2题
Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage？
A．Individual and collective mentalities might prevent communication with others.
B．People in different cultures may be governed by the same cultural norms.
C．If cultural norms are something tangible, they won't be so confining.
D．People's visions will be enlarged if only they know that cultural differences exist.
第3题
听力原文：M: Are you looking forward to your job interview tomorrow？
W: I'm a bit nervous about it. When you interview people, what do you look for？
M: Well, a lot of people think it's about your qualifications and experience, but actually they aren't so important in the interview.
W: Really？ Why not？
M: Well, your qualifications and experience have already been listed on your CV and in your cover letter. The interviewer might want to know how you think your previous experience relates to the job on offer, but...
W: I see. So what's the main purpose of the interview？
M: The interviewer wants to see what kind of person you are and decide whether you will fit in with the other employees. The interviewer wants to see if you have the right personality for the job.
W: You also have to give the right answers to their questions.
M: Usually, there are no 'right' answers. Obviously, you don't want to say anything silly, but each question can be answered in different ways. The important thing is to be articulate.
W: Articulate？
M: Yes. Communication skills are valued by almost all employers nowadays. A person who can express themselves clearly and succinctly is considered a real asset.
W: Why's that？ Surely communication skills can't outweigh qualifications and experience.
M: Good communication skills are vital because if there are breakdowns in communication, it could cost the company time and money. Communication skills might not outweigh qualifications and experience, but as I said before, the interviewer has already seen those on your CV.
W: So, you mean that your CV shows you have the qualifications and experience and gets you into the interview room. After that, other factors take over-particularly communications kills and your personality.
M: Right.
W: I was always told that the way You look is a key factor, too.
M: Well, of course you should look smart, clean, and fairly formal. Whatever some people say, the way you look does create an impression on others.
W: I'll be sure to wear my best outfit then!
(23)
A．Because he/she hasn't seen your CV.
B．Because he/she wants to make sure you are not lying on your CV.
C．Because he/she wants to know how it relates to the job you are applying for.
D．Because he/she wants to sec if you are articulate.
第4题
Speech is the most important means of communication between people. But it is not the only one. Nor is it the oldest. We use facial expressions, gestures, and hand movements to express our feelings and to send signals to other people. Animals use this "body language" a great deal. The sign language used by deaf people is an example of communication without speech, while blind people communicate largely through touch and hearing.
According to the passage, what would happen to us without communication？
A．We should learn everything for ourselves.
B．We would become unable to speak.
C．We couldn't live happily.
D．We might have to do everything by ourselves.
第5题
A.pointing
B.indicating
C.substituting
D.accompanying
E.spreading
F.extending
G.meaning
H.suicide
I.until
J.unless
K.communicated
L.informed
M.directed
N.consciously
O.intentionally
第6题
Cross-Cultural Communication Challenges
Definition of Culture
We all communicate with others all the time--in our homes, in our workplaces, in the groups we belong to, and in the community. No matter how well we think we understand each other, communication is hard. Just think, for example, how often we hear things like; "He doesn't get it," or "She didn't really hear what I meant to say." "Culture" is often at the root of communication challenges. Our culture influences how we approach problems, and how we participate in groups and in communities. When we participate in groups we are often surprised at how differently people approach their work together.
Culture is a complex concept, with many different definitions. But, simply put, "culture" refers to a group or community with which we share common experiences that shape the way we understand the world. It includes groups that we are born into, such as gender, race, or national origin. It also includes groups we join or become part of. For example, we can acquire a new culture by moving to a new region, by a change in our economic status, or by becoming disabled. When we think of culture this broadly, we realize we all belong to many cultures at once.
Our histories are a critical piece of our cultures. Historical experiences--whether of five years ago or of ten generations back-- shape who we are. Knowledge of our history can help us understand ourselves and one another better. Exploring the ways in which various groups within our society have related to each other is key to opening channels for cross-cultural communication.
Six Fundamental Patterns of Cultural Differences
As people from different cultural groups take on the exciting challenge of working together, cultural values sometimes conflict. We can misunderstand each other, and react in ways that can hinder what are otherwise promising partnerships. Oftentimes, we aren't aware that culture is acting upon us. Sometimes, we are not even aware that we have cultural values or assumptions that are different from others!
？Different Communication Styles
The way people communicate varies widely between, and even within, cultures. One aspect of communication style. is language usage. Across cultures, some words and phrases are used in different ways. For example, even in countries that share the English language, the meaning of "yes" varies from "maybe, I'll consider it" to "definitely so," with many shades in between.
Another major aspect of communication style. is the degree of importance given to non-verbal communication. Non-verbal communication includes not only facial expressions and gestures; it also involves seating arrangements, personal distance, and sense of time. In addition, different norms regarding the appropriate degree of assertiveness in communicating can add to cultural misunderstandings. For instance, some white Americans typically consider raised voices to be a sign that a fight has begun, while some black, Jewish and Italian Americans often feel that an increase in volume is a sign of an exciting conversation among friends. Thus, some white Americans may react with greater alarm of a loud discussion than would members of some American ethnic or non-white racial groups.
？Different Attitudes Toward Conflict
Some cultures view conflict as a positive thing, while others view it as something to be avoided. In the U.S., conflict is not usually desirable; but people often are encouraged to deal directly with conflicts that do arise. In fact, face-to-face meetings customarily are recommended as the way to work through whatever problems exist. In contrast, in many Eastern countries, open conflict is experienced as embarrassing or demeaning; as a rule, differences are best worked out quietly. A written exchange might be the favored means to address the
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
第7题
听力原文： If anyone asked you what were the main means of communication between people, what would you say？ That isn't a catchy question. The answer is simple and obvious. It would almost certainly refer to means of communication that involve the use of words: speakers and listeners—oral communication; writers and readers—written communication. And You'd be quite right. There is, however, another form. of communication which we all use most of the time, usually without knowing it. This is sometimes called body language. It does not involve the use of words. Its more technical name is non-verbal communication, "NVC" for short.
When someone is saying something with which he agrees, the average European will smile and nod approval. On the other hand, if you disagree with what they are saying, you may frown and shake your head. In this way you signal your reactions, and communicate them to the speaker without saying a word. Incidentally, I referred a moment ago to "the average European", because body language is very much tied to culture, and in order not to misunderstand, or not to be misunderstood, you must appreciate this. A smiling Chinese, for instance, may net be approving but acutely embarrassed.
Quite a lot of work is now being done on the subject of NVC, which is obviously important, for instance, to managers who have to deal every day with their staff, and have to understand what other people are feeling if they are to create good working conditions. Body language, or NVC signals, is sometimes categorized into five kinds: (1) body and facial gestures; (2) eye contact; (3) body contact or proximity; (4) clothing and physical appearance: and (5) the quality of speech. I expect you understand all those, except perhaps "proximity". This simply means "closeness". In some cultures—and I am sure this is a cultural feature and not an individual one—it is quite normal for people to stand close together, or to more or less thrust their faces into yours when they are talking lo you. In other cultures this is disliked; Americans. for instance, talk about invasion of their space.
(30)
A．Words and phrases.
B．Culture.
C．Individuals.
D．Misunderstanding.
第8题
When someone is saying something with which he agrees, the average European will smile and nod approval. On the other hand, if you disagree with what they are saying, you may frown and shake your head. In this way you signal your reactions, and communicate them to the speaker without saying a word. Incidentally, I referred a moment ago to "the average European", because body language is very much tied to culture, and in order not to misunderstand, or not to be misunderstood, you must appreciate this. A smiling Chinese, for instance, may not be approving but acutely embarrassed.
Quite a lot of work is now being done on the subject of NVC, which is obviously important, for instance, to managers who have to deal every day with their staff, and have to understand what other people are feeling if they are to create good working conditions. Body language, or NVC signals, is sometimes categorized into five kinds: (1) body and facial gestures; (2) eye contact; (3) body contact or proximity; (4) clothing and physical appearance; and (5) the quality of speech. I expect you understand all those, except perhaps "proximity" This simply means "closeness". In some cultures--and I am sure this is a cultural feature and not an individual one--it is quite normal for people to stand close together, or to more or less thrust their faces into yours when they are talking to you. In other cultures this is disliked; Americans, for instance, talk about invasion of their space.
(30)
A．Words and phrases.
B．Culture.
C．Individuals.
D．Misunderstanding.
第9题
Secrets of Strong Families
A group of American marriage and family counselors once placed a brief notice in four dozen newspapers in 25 states. "If you live in a strong family, please contact us. We know a lot about what makes families fail; we need to know more about what make them succeed." Letters poured in; then a questionnaire was mailed to each family who responded and more than 3,000 families participated. One of the most surprising things to emerge is that six key qualities for making a strong family function were mentioned time and again by many families. Those qualities are.
Commitment
Crucial to any family's success is an investment of time, energy, spirit and heart, an investment otherwise known as commitment. The family comes first. Family members are dedicated to promoting each other's welfare and happiness-and they expect the family to endure. For strong families, commitment and sexual fidelity (忠诚) are so closely linked that an extramarital affair (婚外恋) is regarded as the ultimate threat to a marriage. "An affair does terrible things to your partner's self-esteem," one woman wrote, "It says, you are replaceable." Some families have seen commitment eroded by a more subtle enemy-work, and its demand on time attention and energy.
Time Together
When 1,500 children were asked "What do you think makes a happy family？" they didn't list money, cars, or fine homes. They replied: doing things together. Members of strong families agree. They spend lots of time together — working, playing, attending religious services, and eating meals together. What you do isn't as important, they say, as doing it. What about quality versus quantity of time？ Strong families realize the time they spend together needs to be good time. It also needs to be sufficient; quality interaction isn't likely to develop in a few minutes together. A working mother wrote, "To excuse myself for spending so little time with my daughter by saying, 'It was only 15 minutes, but it was high quality,' is a cop-out."
Appreciation
Feeling appreciated by others is one of the most basic of human needs. Questionnaires and interviews showed that the quantity of appreciation family members expressed to one another was even greater than anticipated. One mother wrote: "Each night we go into the children's bedrooms and give each a big hug and kiss. Then we say, 'you are really good kids and we love you very much. ' We think it is important to leave that message with them at the end of that day." A wife said "When my husband comes home he says, ' I see you've been busy with boys today and you got your hair cut and did the marketing.' He doesn't mention the weedy garden. And when he comes in, disappointed over a sale he missed, I remind him of the three he made last week. We've conditioned ourselves to look at what we have rather than what we lack."
Communication
Psychologists know that good communication helps to create a sense of belonging, and case frustration as well as full-blown crises. Strong families emphasize that good communication does not necessarily happen; it takes time and practice. Good communication means clearing up misunderstandings. Strong families work at explaining one another's messages. A new Mexico husband wrote: "My wife would say, 'Are there any good movies downtown？ ' and she'd mean, ' I'd like to go to a movie'. I'd answer the question literally, by telling what was playing. Rarely did I suggest going to a show. Then I'd be surprised when she was unhappy. Eventually we figured this pattern out. She is better now about saying ' I'd like to… ' instead of hinting, and I'm better about checking to be sure I understand what she really means."
Spiritual Wellness
Spiritual wellness was defined by strong families as a caring center within each of us that promotes sharing, love and compassi
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
第10题
听力原文： Whether the eyes are "the windows of the soul" is true or not. It is a fact that they are especially important in interpersonal communication. In a conversation, eye contact is Important became more or less eye contact can create communication barriers (32) . In relationships, eye contact serves to show intimacy, attention, and influence.
Eye contact can mean different things in different cultures. In some Spanish-speaking countries, children show respect to an older person by not looking directly into the person' s eyes during a conversation (33) . In other countries, looking into a person' s eyes is expected. For example, if you don't do it in the United States, people may think that you are afraid, embarrassed, or angry (34) . Too little eye contact may be viewed negative, because it may express a lack of interest, attention and even trust. "Never trust a person who doesn't look you in the eyes." In the Middle East, direct eye contact during a conversation lasts longer than in many other parts of the world (35) . Some westerners who are not used to this may feel uncomfortable for they think it is rude to stare, especially at strangers.
(33)
A．Eye contact is very important in relationships.
B．The more eye contact, the better.
C．The less eye contact, the better.
D．Communication barriers are produced by eye contact.
第11题
【69】the utmost importance is your attitude. A person who begins a job【70】that he isn't going to like it or is sure that he is going to fail is【71】a weakness which can only【72】his success. On the other hand, a person who is【73】in his belief that he is probably as【74】of doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerful【75】at it possesses a certain strength of purpose. The【76】are that he will do well.
Having the prerequisite (先决条件，前提) skills for a particular job is strength.【77】those skills is obviously a weakness. A bookkeeper who can't add【78】a carpenter who can't cut a straight line with a saw are hopeless【79】.
This book has been designed to help you capitalize (利用] ) on the strength and【80】the weakness that you bring to the job of learning. But you must first take stock of somewhere you stand now.【81】we get further along in the book, we'll be dealing in【82】with specific processes for developing and strengthening learning skills.【83】, to begin with, you should【84】to examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas that are【85】to your success or failure in school: your【86】, your reading and communication skills, and your study habits.
(68)
A．improvement
B．victory
C．failure
D．achievement
