The laws dealing with electronic commerce are clear and up-to-date.（)

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发布时间：2022-08-04

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第1题

The Internet has become a commonplace for us. While【C1】______the Internet, we should not【C

2】______the alarm bells sounding in our ears, reminding us of keeping【C3】______for on-line crimes. Last year, the Melissa and Explore Zip virus caused chaos【C4】______the Internet. Last week the "I love you" bug played havoc【C5】______the world. What will be the next？ No one knows.

Many on-line crimes are not so different to【C6】______seen in real world, the spreading of fake data, cheating and blackmail,【C7】______property rights infringements and privacy violations. But computer hackers also create new forms of crime【C8】______the Internet changes the world into a "global village".

With the【C9】______of e-business, on-line crimes could not only cause great damage to【C10】______, but could also threaten the【C11】______of national political, economic and cultural orders. The【C12】______legal system in most countries【C13】______weak when dealing with on-line crimes,【C14】______to the sophisticated technology involved. For this reason, many countries are considering【C15】______Internet laws to curb on-line crimes.

In China,【C16】______there are millions of Internet surfers, it is more important to formulate new laws and rules on network security than to【C17】______the existing ones. When drafting and【C18】______new laws, China should also【C19】______the relations between protecting network security【C20】______the sound development of Internet.

【C1】

A．surfing

B．operating

C．reaching

D．exploring

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第2题

There are many ways of dealing with offenders that do not involve the payment of money. On

e is probation, a system that takes many different forms in different jurisdictions but that essentially involves the suspension of sentence on the of fender subject to the condition that he is supervised while living in the community by a probation officer and possibly agrees to comply with such other requirements as the court many think appropriate. Usually, if the offender complies with the probation officer and commits no further offense while it is in force, no other penalty is imposed, but if he breaks the requirement of the order or commits another offense, he can be brought back before the court and punished for the original offense as well as the later one. In many U. S. states. probation is combined with a suspended sentence, so that the sentence the offender will have to serve if he breaks the order is fixed in advance; in England the sentence is not fixed in advance, and the court has complete discretion if there is a breach to sentence the offender for the original crime in light of his tater behaviour. English law allows suspended sentence of of imprisonment for a specified period (not more than two years), on condition that tile offender commit no further offense during the period of suspension. This is different from a probation order, as no supervision is required and no other conditions may be included in the order.

Other alternatives to prison are based on the idea of preventing an offender from committing further offenses, without necessarily confining him in a prison. The most familiar power of this kind is that of disqualifying an offender from driving a motor vehicle or from holding a driver's license. This power is available under the laws of most countries to deal with those offenders who either commit serious driving offenses, such as driving while intoxicated, or who commit repeated but less serious offenses, such as speeding. In many countries there exists a system in which the offender is awarded a number of points each time he commits a motoring offense; when the number of points accumulated reaches a certain figure, he is automatically disqualified for a specified period. Some countries allow courts to disqualify from driving those offenders who have used motor vehicles in commission of the crime for which they are being sentenced, with the aim of hindering the offender from committing further such offenses. Although attractive in the abstract, this seldom works well in practice, as the absence of a driver’s license may well prevent an offender from finding work after release from prison; as a result he may be likely to commit further crimes. Other forms of disqualification may be imposed on offenders convicted of particular types of crimes: a fraudulent company director may be disqualified from being involved in the direction of a company, a corrupt politician may be disqualified from holding public office, or a parent who sexually abuses his children may be deprived of parental authority over them.

The first paragraph is primarily about ______.

A．ways of dealing with offenders

B．the probation system

C．the suspension of sentence on the offender

D．the suspended sentence of imprisonment

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第3题

Is there a window ______ the wall？

A.on

B.in

C.at

D.wit