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[主观题]

During recent years we have heard much about "race": how this race does certain things and

that race believes certain things and so on. Yet, the【C1】______phenomenon of race consists of a few surface indications.

We judge race usually【C2】______the coloring of the skin: a white race, a brown race, a yellow race and a black race. But【C3】______you were to remove the skin you could not【C4】______anything about the race to which the individual belonged. There is【C5】______in physical structure. The brain or the internal organs to【C6】______a difference.

There are four types of blood.【C7】______types are found in every race, and no type is distinct to any race. Human brains are the【C8】______. No scientists could examine a brain and tell you the race to which the individual belonged. Brains will【C9】______in size, but this occurs within every race.【C10】______does size have anything to do with intelligence. The largest brain【C11】______examined belonged to a person of weak【C12】______. On the other hand, some of our most distinguished people have had【C13】______brains.

Mental tests which are reasonably【C14】______show no differences in intelligence between races. High and low test results both can be recorded by different members of any race.【C15】______equal educational ad vantages, there will be no difference in average standings, either on account of race or geographical location.

Individuals of every race【C16】______civilization to go backward or forward. Training and education can change the response of a group of people,【C17】______enable them to behave in a【C18】______way.

The behavior. and ideals of people change according to circumstances, but they can always go back or go on to something new【C19】______is better and higher than anything【C20】______the past.

【C1】

A．complete

B．full

C．total

D．whole

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发布时间：2020-10-13

更多“During recent years we have heard much about "race": how this race does certain things and”相关的问题

第1题

The industrial societies have been extremely productive during the last two centuries. The

economic advance has been 【C1】______ . During this 【C2】______ short period of time, greater changes in people's 【C3】______ have occurred than in the thousands of years 【C4】______ preceded. From about 8000 B. C., when the agricultural 【C5】______ of the human race began, 【C6】______ 1776 A. D., the beginning of the American Revolution, people grew hardly any richer 【C7】______ . The Americans of 1776 used the same energy 【C8】______ as the Romans of 1 A. D.. Both the ancient Romans and Americans of 200 years ago could travel about the same short distance in a day. Both had about the same annual income and the same life 【C9】______ . During the past 200 years the world population has increased 6 times, the annual world 【C10】______ has increased 80 times, and the distance a person can travel has 【C11】______ 1,000 times. There 【C12】______ also been much recent progress on art, culture, learning, and science. Such changes have led to a high 【C13】______ of production and 【C14】______ of the economy. Economists fear that within the next 100 to 150 years, the earth's 【C15】______ will become very 【C16】______ . Their fears are partly 【C17】______ , but we should not be afraid. Industrial civilization 【C18】______ new knowledge. By advancing knowledge, we not only 【C19】______ new forms of resources, but we also find ways to economize their use. Advanced modern knowledge can feed the hungry people of the world and improve their 【C20】______ of living.

【C1】

A．particular

B．excellent

C．remarkable

D．excessive

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第2题

听力原文：M: Hello. This is Greg Rice reporting live in Barrow, Alaska.W: Hello, Greg. Is e

听力原文：M: Hello. This is Greg Rice reporting live in Barrow, Alaska.

W: Hello, Greg. Is everything going smoothly？

M: Yes. I've just arrived here in Barrow, Alaska, to bring you live coverage of what appears to be the results of a huge meteorite impact, perhaps the largest in recent history, that occurred just twelve hours ago. The exact location of the impact is unknown, but estimates put it about 20 kilometers south of Barrow based on shock waves felt throughout the region.

W: Are there any witnesses？

M: Yeah. Some witnesses say they saw a bright light streaking through the sky, accompanied by a roaring boom, moments before the impact. It's unknown whether there are any casualties, but it is unlikely considering this sparsely populated area.

W: It's said that such impacts were commonplace during the formation of our solar system, and many believe that a meteorite 10 kilometers in diameter which crashed into Earth 65 million years ago led to the mass extinction of many animal species including the dinosaurs.

M: You're right. But it is often difficult to calculate the number of such large impacts on Earth because erosion and vegetation make it difficult to spot them. In recent years, astronomers have focused more of their attention on the paths of many uncharted space rocks or asteroids floating out there in the hope that we might be able to determine the threat they pose on mankind...This is Greg Rice reporting from Alaska.

W: Thanks, Greg...We'll keep you up-to-date on any development there.

(23)

A．An alien spacecraft landing.

B．The impact of a meteorite.

C．A volcanic eruption.

D．The blizzard conditions in Alaska.

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第3题

听力原文：Recent films, books, magazines and newspapers have reported about serious threats

听力原文： Recent films, books, magazines and newspapers have reported about serious threats to the environment. Changes in climate, increasing pollution, rising energy demands, and decreasing supplies of water are worldwide problems. Designers and builders around the world are reacting to these environmental concerns with new conception of green house.

Green houses are designed to be sustainable. Something that is sustainable provides people today with what they need. But it does not use up or damage the natural resources.

Green houses use much less fossil fuels—oil, gas and coal—for energy. The houses are placed on the land so the sun warms them during cold months and is blocked during hot months. The houses have plenty of windows that open to let in cooling air. They have special equipment that uses a lot less water.

Green houses are made of wood from fast-growing trees so old growth forests do not have to be cut. They include recycled materials so something old is re-used, not thrown away as waste. The houses are healthier for people to live in. Materials used in them are not processed with strong chemicals that can produce harmful gases.

Houses that are environmentally friendly are not new. For years, architects in many areas of the world have designed and built them for environmental activists. But now, rapidly rising energy costs are increasing the demand worldwide for green houses that use less energy and other resources.

(33)

A．It is a new design to keep people warm in winter.

B．It is closely sea!0d so that cool air cannot go through.

C．It is a new design without exhausting or harming natural resources.

D．It is created for gardening or fanning.

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第4题

New research conducted by brain researcher Avi Karni of the University of Haifa in Israel

explores the possibility that naps help lock in sometimes fleeting long-term memories. A 90-minute daytime【C1】______. might help the most, the study finds.

"We still don't know the【C2】______mechanism of the memory process that occurs during sleep, but the【C3】______of this research suggest it is possible to【C4】______up memory consolidation," Karni said.

Long-term memory【C5】______to memories that stay with us for years, such as "what" memories -- a car accident that happened yesterday -- or " how to " memories, such as one's learned【C6】______to play the drums.

Karni, who【C7】______the study in a recent issue of the journal Nature Neuroscience,【C8】______participants to learn a complex thumb-tapping sequence, then【C9】______the study subjects into two groups: one that【C10】______for an hour, and one that didn't. The people who took an afternoon snooze showed【C11】______improvement in their performance by that evening.

"After a night's sleep the two groups were at the same【C12】______, but the group that slept in the afternoon【C13】______much faster than the group that stayed【C14】______," Karni said.

【C15】______, the study also showed just how much【C16】______a 90-minute nap could help lock in long-term memories.

"Daytime sleep can【C17】______the time 'how to' memory becomes【C18】______to interference and forgetting," Karnl said. "【C19】______of 6 to 8 hours, the brain【C20】______the memory during the 90-minute nap. "

【C1】

A．snack

B．nap

C．sleep

D．exercise

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第5题

听力原文：M: Hello. This is Greg Rice reporting live in Barrow. Alaska.W: Hello. Greg. Is e

听力原文：M: Hello. This is Greg Rice reporting live in Barrow. Alaska.

W: Hello. Greg. Is everything going smoothly？

M: Yes. I've just arrived here in Barrow. Alaska, to bring you live coverage of what appears to be the results of a huge meteorite impact, perhaps the largest in recent history, that occurred just twelve hours ago. The exact location of the impact is unknown, but estimates put it about 20 kilometers south of Barrow based on shock waves felt throughout the region.

W: Are there any witnesses？

M: Yeah. Some witnesses say they saw a bright light streaking through the sky, accompanied by a mating boom, moments before the impact. It's unknown whether there are any casualties, but it is unlikely considering this sparsely populated area.

W: It's said that such impacts were commonplace during the formation of our solar system, and many believe that a meteorite 10 kilometers in diameter which crashed into Earth 65 million years ago led to the mass extinction of many animal species including the dinosaurs.

M: You're right. But R is often difficult to calculate the number of such large impacts on Earth because erosion and vegetation make it difficult to spot them. In recant years, astronomers have focused more of their attention on the paths of many uncharted space rocks or asteroids floating out there in the hope that we might be able to determine the threat they pose on mankind...This is Greg Rice reporting from Alaska.

W: Thanks, Greg...We'll keep you up-to-date on any development there.

(23)

A．An alien spacecraft landing.

B．The impact of a meteorite.

C．A volcanic eruption.

D．The blizzard conditions in Alaska.

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第6题

听力原文：A recent study reveals higher education tends to speed up mental decline and leav

听力原文： A recent study reveals higher education tends to speed up mental decline and leave elderly people at a loss for words.

Participants in the study were all more than 70 years old. They were tested up to four times between 1993 and 2000 on their ability to remember 10 common words read aloud to them. The most educated test subjects were found to experience a steeper decline during the years in remembering the list.

Individuals with a better education seem to have a higher starting point in their word memory, and so may initially remember more total words than their less educated peers.

The more education one has, the more words one will know to begin with. It appears the more you know, the more you have to lose.

The explanation for the faster decline of more educated individuals could possibly be they were unable to access memory tricks they once relied on to help them remember things. For a while, these strategies can help them compensate, but as they get older, their brains become overwhelmed and they can no longer use those strategies.

Because the study didn't follow people across their entire life spans, there could be other unseen factors. For example, those with less education may start their cognitive decline earlier.

The possibly protective nature against conditions like dementia could be due to a correlation between higher education and generally higher living standards, like access to better health care and better eating habits. The things that make a healthy body make a healthy mind.

(33)

A．The older people get, the more they lose.

B．The lower education old people have received, the more they will forget.

C．Elderly people tend to forget despite their education background.

D．The elderly people with higher education are more likely to lose memory.

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第7题

听力原文：This is Ray McCarthy with the news. Reports are coming in of a major train crash

听力原文： This is Ray McCarthy with the news. Reports are coming in of a major train crash in Japan. (32) A passenger train carrying hundreds of workers home from the center of Tokyo is reported to have hit an oncoming goods train. Both were traveling at high speed. (33) Figures are not yet available but it is believed that the death toll could be as high as 300, with hundreds more injured. Emergency and rescue services rushed to the scene. But our reporter says it will take days to clear the track and to establish the numbers of the dead and injured. There was a similar accident on the same stretch of track four years ago.

(34) There was another bomb scare in a large London store last night during late night shopping. Following a telephone call to the police from an anonymous caller, hundreds of shoppers were shepherded out of the store while roads in the area were sealed off. Police dogs spent hours searching the store for a bag which the caller claimed contained 50 pounds of explosives. Nothing was found and the store was given the all-clear by opening time this morning. A police spokesman said that this was the third bomb scare within a week and that we should all be on our guard.

And finally, the motoring organizations have issued a warning to drivers following the recent falls of snow in many parts of the country. (35) Although the falls may be slight, they say extra care is needed.

Questions:

What accident happened recently in Japan？

What do the reports say about the recent accident in Japan？

Why did people have to leave the London store last night？

What did motoring organizations advise drivers to do？

(33)

A．A goods train hit a bus carrying many passengers.

B．Two passenger trains crashed into each other.

C．A passenger train collided with a goods train.

D．An express train was derailed when hit by a bomb.

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第8题

Passage Two Modern humans emerged some 250,000 years ago, yet agriculture is a fairly

recent invention, only about 10,000 years old. Many crop plants are rather new additions to our diet: broccoli (a flowering mutant of kale) is thought to be only 500 years old. Most innovation is far more recent still. Although Austrian monk Gregor Mendel's pea plant experiments quietly laid the basic foundations of genetics in the mid-19th century, his work was rediscovered and applied to crop breeding only at the beginning of the 20th century. Further advances have steadily accumulated. The 1940s saw the identification of DNA as genetic material and the adoption, by commercial breeders, of genetic modification - typically by applying chemicals or radiation to DNA to try to make plants with advantageous characteristics. The modifications ultimately led to the green revolution of the 1960s and 1970s, during which time global wheat yields tripled. The 1980s and 1990s saw the commercial adoption of agricultural biotechnology, which has allowed breeders to introduce specific genes into crops from the same or different species. In 2004 the first plant genome was fully sequenced, and since then the number of plant gene sequences in GenBank, the public repository for gene sequence information, has been doubling every two years. Our knowledge is increasing exponentially, as it has been in other fields such as semiconductors and cellular telephony. Our challenge is to increase agricultural yields while decreasing the use of fertilizer, water, fossil fuels and other negative environmental inputs. Embracing human ingenuity and innovation seems the most likely path. Plants did not evolve to serve humans, and their sets of genes are incomplete for our purposes. The integral role of modifying genes is obvious to all breeders, though sometimes painfully absent from the public's understanding of how modern agriculture succeeds. All breeding techniques, from before Mendel's time until today, exploit modifications to plant DNA. These modifications can take the form. of mistakes or mutations that occur during natural cell division in the wild; the natural but random movement of DNA sequences from one part of a plant's genome to another; or the more precise insertion of known gene sequences using biotechnology. In all these cases, plant genes are moved within or across species, creating novel combinations. Hybrid genetics - the combination of different versions of the same gene – has resulted in spectacular yield increases. Largely as the consequence of using hybrid seed varieties, corn yields in the U.S. have increased more than 500 percent in the past 70 years. Questions 6-10 are based on Passage Two.

(1)Which statement is correct according to paragraph one？

A、Broccoli was first bred by Mendel

B、Broccoli wasn’t considered edible until 500 years ago

C、Mendel's work was considered most important in the history of genetics

D、Mendel’s study found its major application some 100 years ago

(2)What was cited as a result of the green revolution？

A、Sharp rise in worldwide wheat production

B、Extensive use of organic fertilizer

C、Large-scale adoption of genetic modification

D、Commercial success of genetically modified seeds.

(3)Which statement is true of GenBank according to the passage？

A、The number of gene sequences has doubled since its foundation

B、The commercial breeders are its main sponsors

C、It is a genetic sequence database

D、It was founded in 2004

(4)It can be learned from the passage that the significance of genetic modification is ______.

A、questioned by some critics

B、poorly conveyed to the public

C、appreciated by all breeders

D、fully understood only by scientists

(5)The word “novel” in paragraph three is closest in meaning to ______.

A、artificial

B、various

C、hybrid

D、new

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第9题

There are some earth phenomena you can count on, but the magnetic field, some say, is not

one of them. It fluctuates in strength, drifts from its axis, and every few 100,000 years undergoes a dramatic polarity reversal—a period when north pole becomes south pole and south pole becomes north pole. But how is the field generated, and why is it so unstable？

Groundbreaking research by two French geophysicists promises to shed some light on the mystery. Using 80 meters of deep sea sediment (沉淀物) core, they have obtained measurements of magnetic-field intensity that span 11 polarity reversals and four million years. The analysis reveals that intensity appears to fluctuate with a clear, well-defined rhythm. Although the strength of the magnetic field varies irregularly during the short term, there seems to be an inevitable long-term decline preceding each polarity reversal. When the poles flip—a process that takes several hundred thousand years—the magnetic field rapidly regains its strength and the cycle is repeated.

The results have caused a stir among geophysicists. The magnetic field is thought to originate from molten (熔化的) iron in the outer core, 3,000 kilometers beneath the earth's surface. By studying mineral grains found in material ranging from rocks to clay articles, previous researchers have already been able to identify reversals dating back 170 million years, including the most recent switch 730, 000 years ago. How and why they occur, however, has been widely debated. Several theories link polarity flips to external disasters such as meteor (陨星) impacts. But Peter Olson, a geophysicist at the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, says this is un. likely if the French researchers are right. In fact, Olson says intensity that predictably declines from one reversal to the next contradicts 90 percent of the models currently under study. If the results prove to be valid, geophysicists will have a new theory to guide them in their quest to understand the earth's inner physics. It certainly points the direction for future research.

Which of the following titles is most appropriate to the passage？

A．Polarity Reversal: A Fantastic Phenomenon of Nature.

B．Measurement of the Earth's Magnetic-Field Intensity.

C．Formation of the Two Poles of the Earth.

D．A New Approach to the Study or Geophysics.

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第10题

In recent years, scientists have reported that some uncertain factors disrupt the climate

change.

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

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第11题

In recent years, those who invest in stocks are ______.A．only rich people and big corporat

In recent years, those who invest in stocks are ______.

A．only rich people and big corporations

B．celebrities and powerful corporations

C．corporations as well as ordinary people

D．rich people, ordinary people and corporations

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