Sensitive teeth may indicate a serious problem that may need prompt care by a dentist.A.YB
Sensitive teeth may indicate a serious problem that may need prompt care by a dentist.
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B.N
C.NG
Sensitive teeth may indicate a serious problem that may need prompt care by a dentist.
A.Y
B.N
C.NG
第1题
Teeth Care
Dentists say that the most important part of tooth care happens at home. Brushing and flossing properly, along with regular dental checkups, can help prevent tooth decay and gum disease.
Giving Plaque the Brush-Off
To prevent cavities, you need to remove plaque, the transparent layer of bacteria that coats the teeth. The best way to do this is by brushing your teeth twice a day and flossing at least once a day. Brushing also act as stimulus to the gums, which helps to keep them healthy and prevent gum disease.
Toothpastes contain minimal abrasives(磨料), detergents, and foaming agents. Fluoride, the most common active ingredient in toothpaste, is what prevents cavities. So you should always be sure your toothpaste contains fluoride.
About one person in 10 has a tendency to accumulate tartar quickly. Tartar is plaque(硬块) in a hardened form. that is more damaging and difficult to remove. Using antitartar toothpastes and mouthwashes, as well as spending extra time brushing the teeth near the salivary glands(the inside of the lower front teeth and the outside of the upper back teeth),may slow the development of new tartar.
If you have teeth that are sensitive to heat, cold, and pressure, you may want to try a special toothpaste for sensitive teeth. But you'll still need to talk to your dentist promptly about your sensitivity because it may be indicative of a more serious problem, such as a cavity or nerve irritation.
Tips on Proper Brushing
Dentists say that the minimum time you should spend brushing your teeth is 2 minutes twice a day. Here are some tips on how to brush properly:
-Hold your brush at a 45-degree angle against your gumline. Gently brush from where the tooth and gum meet to the chewing surface in short (about half-a-tooth-wide) strokes. Brushing too hard can cause receding gums, tooth sensitivity, and, over time, loose teeth.
-Use the same method to brush all outside and inside surfaces of your teeth.
-Place the brush against the biting surface of the teeth & use a gentle back & forth scrubbing motion. Brush the tongue from back to front to remove odor-producing bacteria.
-To clean the inside surfaces of your top and bottom front teeth and gums, tilt brush vertically behind the front teeth. Make several up & down strokes using the front half of the brush.
-Remember don't share your toothbrush with others. The exchange of body fluids that such sharing would foster places toothbrush sharers at an increased risk for infections, a particularly important consideration for persons with compromised immune systems or infectious diseases.
-Use an egg timer or play a favorite song while brushing your teeth to get used to brushing for a full 2 to 3 minutes. Some electronic toothbrushes have timers that let you know when 2 minutes are up.
Facts on Flossing
Brushing is important but it won't remove the plaque and particles of food between your teeth, under the gumline, or under braces. Sometimes, the bacteria break down the food particles and create volatile sulfur compounds. For this reason you'll need to floss these spaces at least once a day.
With any floss, you should be careful to avoid injuring your gums. Follow these instructions:
-Carefully insert the floss between two teeth, using a back and forth motion.
-Gently bring the floss to the gumline, but don't force it under the gums. Curve the floss around the edge of your tooth in the shape of the letter "C" and slide it up and down the side of each tooth.
-Repeat this process between all your teeth, and remember to floss the back sides of your back teeth.
Tooth-Whitening Products
Some toothpastes claim to whiten teeth. There's n
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第2题
A、as the time to maturity increases, the price volatility increases.
B、price changes will be overestimated.
C、there may be large differentials in the time to repricing for different securities within each maturity bucket.
D、the FI will be unable to accurately measure the quantity of rate sensitive assets.
E、the FI will be unable to accurately measure the quantity of rate sensitive liabilities.
第3题
According to the earlier study, the Earth hasn't warmed as expected because______.
A.the amount of greenhouse gases released is quite small
B.people are not sensitive to the change of the climate
C.its climate may not be that sensitive to greenhouse gases
D.water vapor in the stratosphere has increased sharply
第4题
听力原文: How many teeth have you had filled in the past two years? If you follow the advice of Dr. Faustick 'you may be able to reduce the number of your visits to a dentist. Dr. Faustick conducted a twoyear survey to find out how to prevent or reduce dental decay. 946 students took part in an experiment. 523 students cleaned their teeth within ten minutes of eating when possible they used a tooth brush, when this was impossible they washed their mouth thoroughly with water. The remaining 423 students merely cleaned their teeth when they went to bed and when they got up in the morning. All the students had their teeth X rayed at the end of the first and second years. At the end of the first year, the night and morning group had three times as many decayed teeth as the dean after each meal group. At the end of the second year the latter group had 53 percent fewer decayed teeth than the former group. Dr. Fausstick has cleaned his teeth after meal for thirteen years and has not had a single decayed tooth. He pointed out that sugar is a major agent in dental decay. Particularly the sugar in sweets, cakes, and soft drinks. Ideally you should keep a tooth brush in your pocket and use it immediately after you have finished eating. When this is impractical you can at least make sure that you have a drink of water and let the water through your teeth to force out any particles of food. 7 of out 10 people loose at least half of their teeth by the time they are fifty. Many have a complete set of false teeth by that time. In any case neither toothache nor a visit to a dentist is very pleas ant. So it is worthwhile making an effort to keep you own teeth as long as possible. The main preventative agent is simply water.
(23)
A.Coca Cola.
B.Sausage.
C.Milk.
D.Fried chicken.
第5题
The Arabs assert that camels are so acutely aware of injustice and ill treatment that a camel owner ho punishes one of the beasts too harshly finds it difficult to escape the camel’s vengeance.Apparently, the animal will remember an injury and wait for an opportunity to get revenge.
In order to protect themselves form. the vengeful beasts, Arabian camel drivers have learned to trick their camels into believing they have achieved revenge.When an Arab realizes that he has excited a camel’s rage, he places his own garments on the ground in the animal’s path.He arranges the clothing so that it appears to cover a man’s body.When the camel recognizes its master’s clothing on the ground, it seizes the pile with its teeth, shakes the garments violently and tramples on them in a rage.Eventually, after its anger has died away, the camel departs, assuming its revenge is complete.Only then does the owner of the garments come out of hiding, safe for the time being, thanks to this clever ruse.
6.Which of the following is mentioned in this passage?
A.The camel never drinks water
B.The camel is always violent
C.The camel is very sensitive
D.The camel is rarely used anymore
7.It is implied in the passage that______.
A.the mule is a stupid and insensitive animal
B.the mule is as intelligent as the camel
C.the mule is an animal widely used in the desert
D.the mule is a vengeful animal
8.From this passage we can conclude that _______.
A.camels are generally vicious towards their owners
B.camels usually treat their owners well
C.camels don’t see very well
D.camels try to punish people who abuse them
9.The writer makes the camel’s vengeful behavior. clearer to the reader by presenting_______.
A.a well-planned argument
B.a large variety of examples
C.some eyewitness accounts
D.a typical incident
10.The main idea of the passage is __________.
A.camels can be as intelligent as their drivers
B.camels, sensitive to injustice, will seek revenge on those who harm them
C.camel drivers are often the targets of camels’ revenge
D.camels are sensitive creatures that are aware of injustice
第6题
A.Overall 10 publications with clinical trials could be identified Their clinical outcome was compared with that laboratory bond strength studies.
B.Clinical data provide strong evidence that air-abrasion at a moderate pressure in combination with using phosphate monomer containing primers and/or luting resins provide long-term durable bonding to glass-infiltrated alumina and zirconia ceramic under the humid and stressful oral conditions.
C.As simple and clinically reliable bonding methods to oxide ceramics exist, the rationale for development of alternative bonding methods might be reconsidered especially when these methods are more time consuming or require rather complicated and/or technique sensitive procedures.
D.Conducting a PubMed database search in May 2014 for articles dealing with the resin bond to dental zirconia ceramic reveals an astonishing increase of research being published in the last two decades years.
第7题
We are all naturally attracted to people with ideas, beliefs and
interests like their own. Similarly, we feel comfortable with physical
qualities similar as ours. 【M1】 ______
We may have noticed about how people who live or work closely 【M2】 ______
together come to behave in a similar way. Unconsciously we copy these 【M3】 ______
we are close to or love or admire. So a sportsman's individual way of
walking with raised shoulders is imitated by an admired fan; a pair of 【M4】 ______
lovers both shake their heads in the same way; an employer finds 【M5】 ______
himself copying his boss's habit of wagging a pen between his fingers
while thinking.
In every case, the influential person may consciously notice the 【M6】 ______
imitation but he will feel comfortably in his presence. And if he does 【M7】 ______
notice the matching of his gestures or movements, he finds it pleasing
he is influencing people: they are drawn to them. 【M8】 ______
Sensitive people have been mirroring their friend and acquaintances 【M9】 ______
all their lives, and winning affection and respect in this way
without aware of their methods. Now, for people who want to win 【M10】 ______
agreement or trust, affection or sympathy, some psychologists
recommend the deliberate use of. physical imitation.
【M1】
第8题
Negotiation in Western Europe is different from【C10】______ in the United States. For the French, business is a very formal issue, and any【C11】______ of a casual attitude will have a negative influence on the transaction. Their eye contact tends to be so intense that even North Americans may feel【C12】______ . In Germany, business is also conducted very formally【C13】______ great attention to order, planning, and schedules. Because of this slow methodical process, it is virtually impossible to speed up a business transaction. Humor, compliments, and personal questions are not a part of German negotiations.【C14】______ , business may begin immediately after an introduction. Although the Dutch are also straightforward and【C15】______ in negotiations, business is conducted at a slower pace than in the United States.
Swedes are also very serious about business. They show little【C16】______ during negotiation and expect the same from you.【C17】______ is important to Swedish negotiations, and they tend to avoid confrontation. They may【C18】______ a discussion abruptly if they think it will lead to an argument over a sensitive topic. In conversation, Swedes do not【C19】______ exaggeration or superficiality. However, silence is part of their language pattern, so they expect【C20】______ to be filled with long pauses.
【C1】
A.However
B.Moreover
C.Therefore
D.Meanwhile
第9题
听力原文: Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. (32)Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are over-concerned with their own appearance and actions. Worrisome thoughts are Am I wearing unattractive clothes? It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must affect people unfavorably. And a person's self concept is reflected in the way he or she behaves and the way a person behaves affects other people's reactions(33)In general, the way people think about themselves has a deep effect on all areas of their lives. Shy people are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others. They need reassurance that they are doing "the right thing". Shy people are very sensitive to criticism. It makes them feel inferior. They also find it difficult to be pleased by praises because they believe they are unworthy of praise.(34) A shy person may respond to a praise with a statement like this one:"You're just saying that to make me feel good. I know it's not true." It of, or at least reduced?(35)Fortunately, people can overcome shyness with determination. It is important for people to accept their weaknesses as well as their strengths, for example, not fair for them to label themselves inferior because they have to be realistic.
(33)
A.Their own appearance and actions.
B.Their feelings about others.
C.The reactions to others' words.
D.Their worrisome thoughts.
第10题
What's Happening While Sleeping?
Sleep is very important to humans. The average person spends 220,000 hours of a lifetime sleeping. Until about thirty years ago, no one knew much about sleep. Then doctors and scientists began doing research in sleep laboratories. They have learned a great deal by studying people as they sleep, but there is still much they don't understand.
Scientists study the body characteristics that change during sleep, such as body temperature, brain waves, blood pressure, breathing, and heartbeat. They also study rapid eye movement (REM). These scientists have learned that there is a kind of sleep with REM and another kind with no rapid eye movement (NREM).
NREM is divided into three stages. In stage one, when you start to go to sleep, you have a pleasant floating feeling. A sudden noise can wake you up. In stage two, you sleep more deeply, and a noise will probably not wake you. In stage three, which you reach in less than thirty minutes, the brain waves are less active and stretched out. Then, within another half hour, you reach REM sleep. This stage might last an hour and a half and is the time when you dream. For the rest of the night, REM and NREM alternate.
Body movement during sleep occurs just before the REM stage. The average person moves about thirty times during sleep each night.
Sleep is a biological need, but your brain never really sleeps. It is never actually blank. The things that were on your mind during the day are still there at night. They appear as dreams, which people have been discussing for centuries. At times people believed that dreams had magical powers or that they could tell the future.
Sometimes dreams are terrifying, but they are usually a collection of scattered, confused thoughts. If you dream about something that is worrying you, you may wake up exhausted, sweating, and with a rapid heartbeat. Dreams have positive effects on our lives. During a dream, the brain may concentrate on a problem and look for different solutions. Also, people who dream during a good night' s sleep are more likely to remember newly learned skills. In other words, you learn better if you dream.
Researchers say that normal people may have four or five REM periods of dreaming a night. The first one may begin only a half hour after falling asleep. Each period of dreaming is a little longer, the last one lasting up to an hour. Dreams also become more intense as the night continues. Nightmares usually occur toward dawn.
People dream in color, but many don' t remember the colors. Certain people can control some of their dreams. They make sure they have a happy ending. Some people get relief from bad dreams by writing them down and then changing the negative stories or thoughts into positive ones on the written paper. Then they study the paper before they go to sleep again.
Many people talk in their sleep, but it is usually just confusing half sentences. They might feel embarrassed when someone tells them they were talking in their sleep, but they probably didn't tell any secrets.
Sleepwalking is most common among children. They usually grow out of it by the time they become adolescents. Children don' t remember that they were walking in their sleep, and they don' t usually wake up if the parent leads them back to bed.
Some people have the habit of grinding their teeth while they sleep. They wake up with a sore jaw or a headache, and they can also damage their teeth. Researchers don' t know why people talk, walk, or grind their teeth while they are asleep.
There are lots of jokes about snoring, but it isn' t really funny. People snore because they have trouble breathing while asleep. Some snorers have a condition called sleep apnea (呼吸暂停). They stop
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