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Jung and Adler differed most with Freud over______.
A．what primarily motivates human behavior
B．whether dreams can interpret human behavior
C．how hypnosis is used in psychoanalysis
D．what medicine can cure neurosis
答案
更多“Jung and Adler differed most with Freud over______.A．what primarily motivates human behavi”相关的问题
第1题
Sigmund Freud, an Austrian neurologist, was the founder of psychoanalysis and, some would say, of modern psychology itself. The main hypothesis of Freud's theory is that human behavior. is determined primarily by unconscious motives. These unconscious motives can be discovered through the use of free association, that is, through talking out problems with the patient. Freud's theory of personality involved three broad areas of investigation into human behavior. structural, dynamic, and developmental. Structurally, Freud divided the human personality into id, ego, and superego. The id is the completely unconscious part of self. It is the repository(资源) of one's instinctual needs and drives. Freud posited that it consisted of everything psychological that was inherited.
The ego is the rational aspect of the personality. It governs the impulsive needs created by the id and decides which needs can and will be satisfied according to the conditions of the environment. The superego is the conscience, the ethical or moral aspect of personality. It is formed by the traditional values and ideals of the society or culture in which a person is born. The superego strives for the ideal. The "conscience" part provides guilt feelings when moral values are violated. The "ego-ideal" part provides feelings of pride when the self acts in consonance with traditional values of the group.
Freud's dynamic concepts involved instinct, libido, and anxiety. Generally, we term behavior. as instinctive if it occurs without any apparent opportunity of its having been learned. Freud's "instinct" differed in that it refers to an inborn bodily condition represented by "wish" and "need". Libido is descriptive of one's emotional or psychic energy. This energy enables life "instincts" to perform. their work and is derived from primitive biological urges, for example, the sex drive. Thus, the libido is usually goal directed. Anxiety, in psychological terms, is an uncontrollable state of fear often unrelated to a specific object or event. Freud's developmental concepts included identification, displacement, defense mechanisms, and psychosexual stages. Identification labels the behavior. of an individual who imitates another person or group (movie star, gangster, etc.). Displacement occurs when the instinct is blocked and the frustrated energy is then diverted to substitute objects. Defense mechanisms (repression, projection, and reaction) describe behavior. reacting to relieve extreme pressure and to defend the ego. Psychosexual stages refer to the five set stages of an individual, from birth through adolescence, oral(breast-sucking babyhood ), anal(toilet-training period),phallic(3-6 years' development of sexual feelings), latency (intermediate stage between phallic and beginning of puberty(青春期), and genital(formation of genuine relationships and the end of narcissism(自我陶醉)).
Freud's two disciples broke with the master largely over the centrality of sex in Freud's theorizing. Alfred Adler maintained that man was more a social being than a sexual one, and that individuals are primarily motivated by social interests. Carl Jung also differed from Freud on what determines the motivation for human behavior. He stressed goal direction beyond childhood, as well as the influence of the ancestral past in such things as magic, power, and hero worship.
Freud's concepts included______.
A．denial of instinctive behavior. in animals and humans
B．belief that religion properly molded the conscience so that the id could be controlled
C．belief that human behavior. can be explained primarily by the unconscious motives of individuals
D．belief that human behavior. is completely controlled by the "conscience" part
第4题
As a boy, Alfred Adler was poor at arithmetic because______.
A．he lost his self-confidence
B．he was mentally slow
C．his teacher had no confidence in herself
D．his parents expected too much of him
第5题
以下人格心理学家与人格测量工具是错误匹配的是
A、Jung(荣格)--MBTI
B、Cattle(卡特尔)--16PF
C、Allort(阿尔波特)--EPQ
D、Maslow(马斯洛)--POI
E、McCrae&Costa(麦克雷和科斯塔)--NEO-PI
第6题
A．To introduce the categories of books in the US libraries.
B．To explain roles of different US libraries.
C．To define the circulation system of US libraries.
D．To demonstrate the importance of US libraries.
第7题
Which of the following is TURE of the level of happiness？
A．Country with small income differences has a high happiness level.
B．A harmonious country condition equals to a high happiness level.
C．Levels of happiness have a close connection with economic development.
D．The improvement of life quality may prove a high happiness level.
第8题
One of the great changes brought about by the knowledge society is that ______.
A．the difference between the employee and the employer bas become insignificant
B．people's traditional concepts about work no longer hold true
C．most people have to take part-time jobs
D．people have to change their jobs from time to time
第9题
Goleman's new book Working With Emotional Intelligence is chiefly about ______.
A．the difference between IQ and EI
B．the relationship between EI and job performance
C．the role of EI in a person's success
D．the importance Of handling personal relationships
第10题
听力原文： At the University of Kansas art museum, investigators tested the effects of different colored walls on two groups of visitors. For the first group the room was painted white; for the second, dark brown. The experiment showed that those who entered the dark brown room walked more quickly, and spent less time in the room than the people in the white room. Dark brown stimulated more activity, but the activity ended sooner. Not only the colors but also the room appearance influences those inside. Another experiment was carried out, in which three groups of subjects are used; each group was in a different kind of room. One group was in an "ugly" room that looked like a messy storeroom. Another group was in an average room—a nice office. The third group was in a beautiful room with carpeting and drapes. Results showed that the people in the beautiful room tended to give higher ratings than did those in the ugly room. Other studies suggest that students do better on tests taken in comfortable, attractive rooms than in ordinary-looking or ugly rooms.
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A．At the University of Kansas.
B．At the University of Kansas art museum.
C．At an art museum.
D．In an office.
