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[主观题]

Once it was considered good to keep the car engine idling a minute or two following cold s

tarts. Today, with modern technology, the opposite is true. An engine operating under road conditions will warm up faster and run more efficiently than the one that is idling. Idling just burns gas (on average, about a gallon an hour).

When you have a full tank of gas, park the car downhill. This will prevent any gas from coming out of the tank. Parking in areas of less or no sunlight helps prevent the gas from steaming that would occur if you parked in the hot sun. Your car will stay cooler, too, and that means less gas consuming work for the air conditioner once the engine is started.

Stay away from wide-track tyres if you want top mileage (汽车耗费1加仑油所行驶的路程) . Narrow-track tyres produce less friction and thus less rolling resistance. The same effect is achieved by adding three to five pounds above recommended pressure to each tyre: while this won't noticeably affect you car's sliding quality, it will increase tyre life and gas mileage.

Check tyre pressure often, especially when the weather turns cold. The difference between winter and summer tyre pressure can be as much as eight pounds. This could cost you two miles per gallon.

The main purpose of the passage is to tell us______.

A．how to drive faster

B．how to drive a car properly

C．how to make a car run smoothly

D．how to make your car consume less gas

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发布时间：2022-12-19

更多“Once it was considered good to keep the car engine idling a minute or two following cold s”相关的问题

第1题

The horse and carriage is a thing of the past, but love and marriage are still with us and

still closely interrelated. Most American marriages, particularly first marriages【C1】______ young couples, are the result of【C2】______ attraction and affection【C3】______ than practical considerations.

In the United States, parents do not arrange marriages for their children. Teenagers begin【C4】______ in high school and usually find mates through their own academic and social【C5】______ .

Though young people feel【C6】______ to choose their friends from【C7】______ groups, most 'choose a mate of similar background.

This is【C8】______ in part to parental guidance. Parents cannot select spouses for their children, but they can usually【C9】______ choices by【C10】______ disapproval of someone they consider unsuitable.

【C11】______ , marriages between members of different groups (interclass, interfaith, and interracial marriges) are increasing, probably because of the greater【C12】______ of today's youth and the fact that they are restricted by【C13】______ prejudices than their parents. Many young people leave their hometowns to attend college,【C14】______ in the armed forces【C15】______ pursue a career in a bigger city.

Once away from home and family, they are more【C16】 ______ to date and marry outside their own social group.

In mobile American society, interclass marriages are neither【C17】______ nor shocking. Interfaith marriages are【C18】______ the rise, particularly between Protestants and Catholics. On the other hand, interracial marriage is still very uncommon, lit can be difficult for interracial couples to find a place to live, maintain friendships, and【C19】______ a family. Marriages between people of different national【C20】______ (but the same race and religion) have been commonplace since colonial times.

【C1】

A．linking

B．interacting

C．connecting

D．correlating

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第2题

The human criterion for perfect vision is 20/20 for reading the standard lines on a Snelle

n eye chart without a hitch. The score is determined by how well you read lines of letters of different sizes from 20 feet away. But being able to read the bottom line on the eye chart does not approximate perfection as far as other species are concerned. Most birds would consider us very visually handicapped. The hawk, for instance, has such sharp eyes that it can spot a dime on the sidewalk while perched on top of the Empire State Building. It can make fine visual distinctions because it is blessed with one million cones (视锥细胞) per square millimeter in its retina (视网膜). And in water, humans are farsighted, while the kingfisher, swooping down to spear fish, can see well in both the air and water because it is endowed with two foveae(凹窝)-areas of the eye, consisting mostly of cones, that provide visual distinctions. One fovea permits the bird, while in the air, to scan the water below with one eye at a time. This is called monocular vision. Once it hits the water, the other fovea joins in, allowing the kingfisher to focus both eyes, like binoculars, on its prey at the same time. A frog's vision is distinguished by its ability to perceive things as a constant motion picture. Known as "bug detectors", a highly developed set of cells in a frog's eyes responds mainly to moving objects. So, it is said that a frog sitting in a field of dead bugs wouldn't see them as food and would starve.

The bee has a "compound" eye, which is used for navigation. It has 15,000 facets that divide what it sees into a pattern of dots, or mosaic. With this kind of vision, the bee sees the sun only as a single dot, a constant point of reference. Thus, the eye is a superb navigational instrument that constantly measures the angle of its line of flight in relation to the sun. A bee's eye also gauges flight speed. And if that is not enough to leave our 20/20 "perfect vision" paling into insignificance, the bee is capable of seeing something we can't ultraviolet light. Thus, what humans consider to be "perfect vision" is in fact rather limited when we look at other species.

However, there is still much to be said for the human eye. Of all the mammals, only humans and some primates can enjoy the pleasures of color vision.

The Snellen eye chart measures one's eyesight by ______.

A．the number of lines he reads

B．the number of letter he reads

C．the distance he stands away from the chart

D．the speed at which he recognizes the letters

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第3题

Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior. agree that there is virtually

an epidemic of sleepiness in the nation. "I can't think of a single study that hasn't found Americans getting 【C1】______ sleep than they ought to." says Dr. David. 【C2】______ people who think they are Sleeping enough would probably be better 【C3】______ with more rest.

The beginning of our sleep deficit crisis can be 【C4】______ to the invention of the light bulb a century ago. From diary entries and other personal 【C5】______ from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the 【C6】______ that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night. "The best sleep habits once were 【C7】______ on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark." By the 1950s and 1960s, that sleep schedule had been reduced 【C8】______ , to between 7.5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock. "People cheat on their sleep, and they don't even 【C9】______ they're doing it," says Dr. David. "They think they're okay because they can get 【C10】______ on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, 8 or even more to feel ideally 【C11】______ "

Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researchers say, is the 【C12】______ of the day. Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community 【C13】______ , many people consider sleep the least 【C14】______ item on the agenda. "In our soci-ety, you're considered 【C15】______ it' you say you only need 5.5 hours' sleep. If yon say you've got to get 8.5 hours, people think you lack 【C16】______ and ambition."

To assess the 【C17】______ of sleep deficit, researchers have put subjects 【C18】______ a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier. "We've found that if you're sleep-deprived, performance 【C19】______ ," says Dr. David. "Short-term memory is impaired, 【C20】______ are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate."

【C1】

A．less

B．more

C．little

D．much

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第4题

听力原文：M: We reached directly out to both school administrators to find how they are off

setting tuition, and then reaching out to students, who we consider college experts, and asking them about the value for their education and what financial value they are getting for that education.

W: Some of this is objective and some subjective.

M: Exactly. It's both qualitative and quantitative. We got 160,000 students through our website princetonreview.com. Questions are basically in three aspects, overall academic, cost and financial aid, like what it takes to get into those 150 schools, exactly what they thought the academic experience was in the classroom. Were their professors good teachers？ Are they accessible inside and outside the classroom？

W: So what have you found？

M: Not only the administrators for lots of these schools, but students are saying it's of great academic value as well.

W: What's the criterion of this Tuition GPA？

M: Tuition GPA is that we are looking for overall financial aid. What does that school do to bring down their sticker price to a manageable number？ How much aid are they giving out？ What is the average debt for each student once they graduate？ Do students think it of financial aid value？ What are they actually getting？

W: You suggest that sticker shock is one of the biggest misunderstandings when people are searching for colleges.

M: It is, doubtless. What we've found is most people will cross a school off their list because it has a high sticker price, which is totally a wrong thing to do. Schools that charge a lot of money can be very aggressive about giving out large financial aid packages to their students, tike grant money, free money, and scholarship.

W: So always look a little bit deeper into the hole.

(23)

A．What do school administrators do to provide financial aid to students？

B．What do students think about the academic value of school education？

C．How can students find a suitable school with large financial packages？

D．What exactly can students gain from their college education？

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第5题

Genetically-modified foodstuffs are here to stay. That's not to say that food produced by

conventional agriculture will disappear, but simply that food-buying patterns will polarize: there will be a niche market(瞄准机会的市场) for conventional foodstuffs just as there is for organic food. It may even be that GM food will become the food of preference because consumers come to appreciate the health benefits of reduced pesticide use.

Currently there are some 20,000 chemicals in use, but the scientists only have detailed information on around 1,000 of them. To see the advantages of GM food you have only to consider the recent press revelation that the average lettuce(莴苣) receives eleven pesticide applications before it reaches the supermarket shelf. I'm sure chemicals and their role in disease will become a big issue in the next century, as the population of the developed world worries increasingly about its health.

The reason GM food will not go away is that we need a three-fold increase in food production by the year 2050 to keep pace with the world's predicted population growth to ten or eleven billion. It's not just a question of more mouths to feed either. What is often forgotten is that all these extra people will take up space, reducing the overall land available for agriculture.

The world has 800 million hungry people. Until now, food supplies have been increased by improved varieties, pesticides and artificial fertilizers: the green revolution. Now we're on the edge of a new revolution: a genetic one.

It may well be that in the long term it is the developing world that benefits most from GM foods. It's true that for the next ten years or so GM crops may be too expensive. But the lesson of personal computers is applicable here—once the technology has been developed for money—spinning crops, like maize(玉米) and cotton, it will filter down and become affordable for all. This doesn't mean, unfortunately, that famines will disappear, but severity and duration will be helped by an improved ability to produce and distribute food.

Why may GM foodstuffs be liked by people in the future？

A．Because they will be cheaper than conventional foodstuffs.

B．Because they will remove people's worries about taking many chemicals.

C．Because it will be more convenient for people to get them.

D．Because conventional foodstuffs will not be available in the future.

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第6题

听力原文：W: Good afternoon, Mr. Green. I'm planning to go abroad for study. Do you think I

should get some health insurance？

M: I think so. One unexpected medical emergency can drain your financial resources leaving you with no money to pay for school. As a result, you'll have no choice but to return to your own country.

W: How can I get health insurance？

M: You really have two basic choices for health insurance: obtain international insurance in your home country before you depart or student health insurance once you arrive.

W: Then how to get international insurance？

M: As for international insurance, you'll have to pay the medical costs in full on your own. If you have sufficient funds, then this won't be a problem.

W: Oh, that seems not suitable for me. What about the second option？

M: As for the second option, you'll probably just have to pay a certain percentage, and the company will pay their part.

W: That sounds good. Then what should we note when signing the insurance agreement？

M: Well, be sure to clearly understand the terms of the agreement you sign with the insurance company. There are often a number of limitations and restrictions with the policy, and understanding them up will reduce the number of misunderstandings that could arise.

W: Oh, I see.

M: It is wise of you to consider; health insurance before going abroad to study. However, many students only think about insurance when it is too late as they sit in the hospital's emergency room. So get insurance to help you pay for your medical expenses; otherwise, you might not have money for tomorrow's school tuition.

W: Well, I think I've got all the information I need. Thank you so much, Mr. Green.

M: You're welcome.

(23)

A．One may not be treated in case of an unexpected medical emergency.

B．One may get into financial trouble because of an unexpected medical emergency.

C．One may pay more for his schooling.

D．One may get some financial support form. some companies.

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第7题

回答下列各题： Protect Your Privacy When Job-hunting Online A）Identity theft and ident

ity fraud are terms used to refer to all types of crime in which someone wrongfullyobtains and uses another persons personal data in some way that involves fraud or deception, typically foreconomic gain. B）The numbers associated with identity theft are beginning to add up fast these days. A recent GeneralAccounting Office report estimates that as many as 750,000 Americans are victims of identity theft every year.And that number may be low, as many people choose not to report the crime even if they know they have beenvictimized: C）Identity theft is "an absolute epidemic", states Robert Ellis Smith, a respected author and advocate of privacy,"Its certainly picked up in the last four or five years. Its worldwide. It affects everybody, and theres very littleyou can do to prevent it and, worst of all, you cant detect it until its probably too late." D）Unlike your fingerprints, which are unique to you and cannot be given to someone else for their use, yourpersonal data, especially your social security number, your bank account or credit card number, your telephonecalling card number, and other valuable identifying data, can be used, if they fall into the wrong hands, topersonally profit at your expense. In the United States and Canada, for example, many people have reportedthat unauthorized persons have taken funds out of their bank or financial accounts, or, in the worst cases, taken over their identities altogether, rtmning up vast debts and committing crimes while using the victims names. Inmany cases, a victims losses may include not only out-of-pocket financial losses, but substantial additionalfinancial costs associated with trying to restore his reputation in the community and correcting erroneousinformation for which the criminal is responsible. E） According to the FBI, identity theft is the number one fraud committed on the Internet. So how do job seekersprotect themselves while continuing to circulate their resumes online？ The key to a successful online jobsearch is learning to manage the risks. Here are some tips for staying safe while conducting a job search on theInternet. F）Check for a privacy policy. If you are considering posting your resume online, make sure the job search siteyou are considering has a privacy policy, like CareerBuilder.com. The policy should spell out how yourinformation will be used, stored and whether or not it will be shared. You may want to think twice aboutposting your resume on a site that automatically shares your information with others. You could be openingyourself up to unwanted calls from solicitors (推销员). When reviewing the sites privacy policy, youll be ableto delete your resume just as easily as you posted it. You wont necessarily want your resume to remain outthere on the Internet once you land a job. Remember, the longer your resume remains posted on a job board,the more exposure, both positive and not-so-positive, it will receive. G）Take advantages of site features. Lawful job search sites offer levels of privacy protection. Before posting yourresume, carefully consider your job search objectives and the level of risk you are willing to assume.CareerBuilder.com, for example, offers three levels of privacy from which job seekers can choose. The first isstandard posting. This option gives job seekers who post their resumes the most visibility to the broadestemployer audience possible. The second is anonymous(匿名的) posting. This allows job seekers the samevisibility as those in the standard posting category without any of their contact information being displayed.Job seekers who wish to remain anonymous but want to share some other information may choose whichpieces of contact information to display. The third is private posting. This option allows a job seeker to post aresume without having it searched by employers. Private posting allows job seekers to quickly and easily applyfor jobs that appear on CareerBuilder.com without retyping their information. H）Safeguard your identity. Career experts say that one of the ways job seekers can stay safe while using theIntemet to search out jobs is to conceal their identities. Replace your name on your resume with a generic (泛指的) identifier, such as "Intranet Developer Candidate", or "Experienced Marketing Representative". Youshould also consider eliminating the name and location of your current employer. Depending on your title, itmay not be all that difficult to determine who you are once the name of your company is provided. Use ageneral description of the company such as "Major auto manufacturer," or "international packaged goodssupplier." If your job title is unique, consider using the generic equivalent instead of the exact title assigned byyour employer. I）Establish an email address for your search. Another way to protect your privacy while seeking employmentonline is to open up an email account specifically for your online job search. This will safeguard your existingemail box in the event someone you dont know gets hold of your email address and shares it with others.Using an email address specifically for your job search also eliminates the possibility that you will receiveunwelcome emails in your primary mailbox. When naming your new email address, be sure that it doesntcontain references to your name or other information that will give away your identity. The best solution is anemail address that is relevant to the job you are seeking such as salesmgr2004@provider.com. J）Protect your references. If your resume contains a section with the names and contact information of yourreferences, take it out. Theres no sense in safeguarding your information while sharing private contactinformation of your references. K）Keep confidential (机密的) information confidential. Do not, under any circumstances, share your social security, drivers license, and bank account numbers or other personal information, such as race or eye color.Honest employers do not need this information with an initial application. Dont provide this even if they saythey need it in order to conduct a background check. This is one of the oldest tricks in the book--dont fallfor it. Those who post their resumes online for a long time will run an increased risk of becoming victims of identity theft.

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第8题

Most human beings actually decide before they think. When any human being—executive, speci

alized expert, or person in the street—encounters a complex issue and forms an opinion, often within a matter of seconds, how thoroughly has he or she explored the implications of the various courses of action？ Answer: not very thoroughly. Very few people, no matter how intelligent or experienced, can take inventory of the many branching possibilities, possible outcomes, side effects, and undesired consequences of a policy or a course of action in a matter of seconds. Yet, those who pride themselves on being decisive often try to do just that. And once their brains lock onto an opinion, most of their thinking thereafter consists of finding support for it.

A very serious side effect of argumentative decision making can be a lack of support for the chosen course of action on the part of the "losing" faction. When one faction wins the meeting and the others see themselves as losing, the battle often doesn't end when the meeting ends. Anger, resentment, and jealousy may lead them to sabotage the decision later, or to reopen the debate at later meetings.

There is a better way. As philosopher Aldous Huxley said, "It isn't who is right, but what is right, that counts."

The structured-inquiry method offers a better alternative to argumentative decision making by debate. With the help of the Internet and wireless computer technology, the gap between experts and executives is now being dramatically closed. By actually putting the brakes on the thinking process, slowing it down, and organizing the flow of logic, it's possible to create a level of clarity that sheer argumentation can never march.

The structured-inquiry process introduces a level of conceptual clarity by organizing the contributions of the experts, then brings the experts and the decision makers closer together. Although it isn't possible or necessary for a president or prime minister to listen in on every intelligence analysis meeting, it's possible to organize the experts' information to give the decision maker much greater insight as to its meaning. This process may somewhat resemble a marketing focus group; it's a simple, remarkably clever way to bring decision makers closer to the source of the expert information and opinions on which they must base their decisions.

From the first paragraph we can learn that______.

A．executive, specialized expert, are no more clever than person in the street

B．very few people decide before they think

C．those who pride themselves on being decisive often fail to do so

D．people tend to consider carefully before making decisions

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第9题

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Judging from recent surveys, most ex

perts in sleep behavior. agree that there is virtually an epidemic (流行病) of sleepiness in the nation. “I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to,” says Dr. David. Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest.

The beginning of our sleep-deficit (睡眠不足) crisis can be traced to the invention of the light bulb a century ago. From diary entries and other personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night. “The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark.” By the 1950s and 1960s, the sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7.5 and eight hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock. “People cheat on their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’re doing it,” says Dr. David. “They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, eight or even more to feel ideally vigorous.”

Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researchers say is the complexity of the day. Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community mount, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on his programme. “In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you only need 5.5 hours’ sleep. If you’re got to get 8.5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition.”

To determine the consequences of sleep deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier. “We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit, performance suffers,” says Dr. David. “Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate.”

第31题：People in the 18th and 19th centuries used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night because they had ________.

A) no drive and ambition

B) no electric lighting

C) the best sleep habits

D) nothing to do in the evening

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