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[主观题]

Children are【C1】______ serious illnesses because of their parents smoking at home, rays th

e government's chief medical officer, who has warned adults not to light【C2】______ in front of their sons and daughters.

Sir Liam Donaldson, Britain's most senior doctor,【C3】______ that there would be a further【C4】______ crackdown on smoking after the ban comes into force in England next Sunday.

He promised renewed public health advertising campaigns to try to educate parents who smoke. "We will strengthen and make【C5】______ the message to parents about the risks to their children of smoking. This is something we will need to constantly remind them about."

" 【C6】______ the number of parents who make is falling, children's exposure【C7】______ parental smoke remains "a problem area", he said.

The number of Britons who smoke has fallen to 24 per cent and ministers hope going smoke-free will 【C8】______ time bring about another 4 or 5 per cent drop. " 【C9】______ if we want to go【C10】______ we have got to reinforce all these other tobacco measures and denormalise smoking completely," said Donaldson.

"The first of July is trot when action stops; it's a launchpad from 【C11】______ we can make further massive 【C12】______ . I hope people will be behind some of the slightly【C13】______ measures."

He wants cigarettes to be【C14】______ away in shops. "If you walk into the average supermarket, one of the things that confronts you【C15】______ away is a wall of cigarettes. That's【C16】______ . I'd like to see them【C17】______ the wall of cigarettes and keep them under the counter," said Donaldson.

"Some people would【C18】______ the idea of cigarettes being kept under the counter like magazines that you wouldn't want displayed. But I think that these are all part of the denormalisation【C19】______ . Supermarkets are big, responsible organisations. Wouldn't they like to strike another【C20】______ for health and play their part on a disease that still kills over 100,000 a year？"

【C1】

A．subtracting

B．abstracting

C．distracting

D．contracting

答案

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发布时间：2021-02-11

更多“Children are【C1】______ serious illnesses because of their parents smoking at home, rays th”相关的问题

第1题

Children model themselves largely on their parents. They do so mainly through identificati

on. Children identify 【C1】______ a parent when they believe they have the qualities and feelings that are 【C2】______ of that parent. The things parents do and say-and the 【C3】______ they do and say--therefore strongly influence a child's 【C4】______ However, parents must consistently 【C5】______ like the type of person they want their child to become.

A parent's actions 【C6】______ affect the self-image that a child forms 【C7】______ identification. Children who see mainly positive qualities in their parents will likely learn to see themselves in a 【C8】______ way. Children who observe chiefly 【C9】______ qualities in their parents will have difficulty 【C10】______ positive qualities in themselves. Children may 【C11】______ their self-image, however, as they become increasingly 【C12】______ by peer group standards.

Isolated events, 【C13】______ dramatic ones, do not necessarily have a 【C14】______ effect on a child's behavior. Children interpret such events according to their established 【C15】______ and previous training. Children who know they are loved can, for example, 【C16】______ the divorce of their parents. But if children feel unloved, they may interpret such events as a 【C17】______ of rejection or punishment. In the same way, all children are not influenced 【C18】______ by toys and games, reading matter, and television programs. 【C19】______ in the case of a dramatic change in family relations, the 【C20】______ of an activity or experience depends on how the child interprets it.

【C1】

A．to

B．with

C．around

D．for

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第2题

Individualism, independence, and self-reliance are perhaps the most distinctive American c

haracteristics. In the United States, "individualism" is【C1】______a good thing, it does not mean being【C2】______, and each person is expected to make【C3】______for himself or herself 'about all aspects of life,【C4】______, career, and home. The nuclear family(mother, father, and children)is an important aspect of American society,【C5】______usually has much less influence【C6】______the behavior. of any individual in it【C7】______is generally true in China. Children are【C8】______from an early age to be self-reliant【C9】______care of their clothes and bedrooms, perhaps helping to cook and【C10】______, begin thinking for themselves, and even learning to【C11】______their own money. Parents provide advice and assistance of course,【C12】______when their children are young, but the importance of the individual is【C13】______.This is reflected in American【C14】______such as "Think for yourself," "Do your【C15】______things," and "You are the master of your own fate."【C16】______concentrating on the individual, American【C17】______a greater personal responsibility for the decisions they【C18】______and the actions they take. This principle【C19】______to all aspects of life, including the family,【C20】______relations, finances, business, law, academics, and medicine. Nowadays, the parents in China are trying to cultivate their children in individualism, independence, and self-reliance as well.

【C1】

A．considered

B．believed

C．regarded

D．thought

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第3题

Some theorists view children as passive receivers of experience; others consider them【C1】_

_____ .in organizing, structuring, and in some 【C2】______ , creating their worlds. A scientist who considers children to be passive does not think they are unresponsive, just that they enter the world ready to absorb 【C3】______ knowledge is provided by the environment. According to this view, children are 【C4】______ by stimuli in the external environment and driven by 【C5】______ needs over which they have little control. Theorists and educators who view the child as 【C6】______ passive often 【C7】______ direct and carefully structured teaching methods. For example, some methods for teaching children to play the piano contain a 【C8】______ of specific steps, chords, and tunes to be learned in a 【C9】______ order. The child must master each step 【C10】______ proceeding to the next one.

【C11】______ , an educator who believes that children are active assumes that they learn best when they 【C12】______ and select their own learning materials and tasks. When teaching a child to play the piano, such an instructor might 【C13】______ the child to make up tunes or to select among different exercises. Human beings are 【C14】______ to have an inborn tendency to be curious, to explore their environment, and to organize the 【C15】______ experience in their own mental frameworks. Efforts to program learning too【C16】______ are likely to fail because they may not 【C17】______ to the child' s interest. Instead, a relatively 【C18】______ situation that offers opportunities for varied stimulation and exploration is optimal. What the child does and learns, then, 【C19】______ mainly on interest that comes from【C20】______ and on his or her level of understanding.

【C1】

A．passive

B．active

C．communicative

D．helpful

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第4题

What's your earliest childhood memory？ Can you remember learning to walk？ Or talk？ The fir

st time you【C1】______ thunder or watched a television program？ Adults seldom【C2】______ events much earlier than the year or so before entering school, just as children younger than three or four【C3】 ______ retain any specific, personal experiences. A variety of explanations have been【C4】______ by psychologists for this "childhood amnesia" (儿童失忆症). One argues that the hippocampus, the region of the brain which is responsible for forming memories, does not mature【C5】______ about the age of two. But the most popular theory【C6】______ that, since adults do not think like children, they can not【C7】______ childhood memories. Adults think in words, and their life memories, are like stories or【C8】______ -- one event follows

【C9】______ as in a novel or film. But when they search through their mental【C10】______ for early childhood memories to add to this verbal life story, they don't find any that fits the【C11】______ . It's like trying to find a Chinese word in an English dictionary.

Now psychologist Annette Simms of the New York State University offers a new【C12】______ for childhood amnesia. She argues that there simply【C13】______ any early childhood memories to recall. According to Dr. Simms, children need to learn to use【C14】______ spoken description of their personal experiences in order to turn their own short-term, quickly【C15】______ impressions of them into long-term memories In other【C16】______ , children have to talk about their experiences and hear others talk about【C17】______ -- Mother talking about the afternoon【C18】______ looking for seashells at the beach or Dad asking them about their day at Ocean Park. With out this【C19】______ reinforcement, says Dr. Simms, children cannot form【C20】______ memories of their personal experiences.

【C1】

A．listened

B．felt

C．touched

D．heard

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第5题

Everyone knows that there are four skills in learning a language,【C1】______listening, spea

king, reading and writing. They are always related in【C2】______of usage, and speaking is【C3】______by learners as the most desirable skill in face-to-face communication in the globalization era.【C4】______, what is the answer to the following question "What do yon have to do before yon can speak"？ Listen, of course!

Naturally, children begin listening to their parents when they are babies. They are often【C5】______, spoken to and admired【C6】______any response expected. Though nobody knows【C7】______the baby understands the spoken words, the【C8】______continues. Children automatically【C9】______such language over some time, and【C10】______on gradually produce it through【C11】______experience. The production may be incomplete at first, but【C12】______at last. That leads to speaking skill,【C13】______is quite applicable to daily conversation.

In learning English, listening can help improve speaking【C14】______. Although it is the first of all skills, it is neither the【C15】______nor the most meaningless. We need to【C16】______various types of English repeatedly and【C17】______if we want to communicate properly, meaningfully and naturally.

Listening can be a good【C18】______while we do other things like cooking. In【C19】______words, we have no wasted time【C20】______.

【C1】

A．namely

B．name

C．naming

D．named

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第6题

Never underestimate the learning power of play. One of Parks findings is that children 【C1

】______valuable learning opportunities when unstructured play is reduced or eliminated【C2】______more time in the classroom. "I think a lot of public school systems【C3】______to see the importance of play," says Parks, assistant professor of early childhood education. "【C4】______, play is under-valued and lot of that is because of top-down【C5】______over standards and testing." "Their work is often framed in trying to【C6】______out whats wrong with these kids. Its very【C7】______and not at all what I【C8】______as a classroom teacher. " "I found the children【C9】______to learn, and their families were supportive and curious," she adds. "So when I got to academia, I thought it was【C10】______to read all these studies about kids not being【C11】______, or not being able to solve problems." So she【C12】______her own research project with a different approach. She is【C13】______the same minority group of 14 young children for three years, starting in【C14】______, to see how they learn mathematics, both in the【C15】______classroom setting as well as informally in school, and at home. "Just sitting there, looking at what is happening in their【C16】______surroundings, you can find things that【C17】______you," she says. She hopes her research will prove how important play is to【C18】______problem-solving skills, and in other critical ways. 【C19】______there is something else, just as important for Parks. "It is the equity piece of trying to change the conversation in the research community about what kids can do generally, and what minority kids can do【C20】______," she says.

【C1】

A．attain

B．lose

C．catch

D．create

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第7题

One of the greatest concerns parents have when facing an international move is. "What scho

ol will be available to my child？ Will my child be disadvantaged academically as a result of this move？" Although this fear is certainly strongest ill families 【C1】______ overseas for the first time, even those who may be more 【C2】______ often have concerns about their children's education.

Dr. Ernest Mannino spoke 【C3】______ about some of the common 【C4】______ parents have 【C5】______ the education of their children. Dr. Mannino 【C6】______ parents against making assumptions about their children's education. To make a(n) 【C7】______ choice, parents need to think through schooling issues and to research post schools in 【C8】______ of a move.

Children who are internationally 【C9】______ have many choices of schools to attend. In most major cities, there are schools 【C10】______ on the US, French, German, and British systems. Some parents also choose to become their children's teachers through 【C11】______ education. Which school is appropriate for your child is an 【C12】______ decision based on many factors.

One of the 【C13】______ factors that should be considered is what type of college or university your child will attend after high school. Some parents want a(n) 【C14】______ education instead of just an education within an American system school and 【C15】______ , they have the opportunity to go to these types of schools. But what parents must keep in mind is whether this school will best prepare your child 【C16】______ education beyond high school.

Parents may be tempted to 【C17】______ their children's school system in order to 【C18】______ cross-cultural understanding, but many experts suggest just the opposite. Mannino warns that differences in the order of curriculum exist in the high school grades; 【C19】______ your child from one academic system to another during this time can 【C20】______ a child academically. At the very least, the parent should learn what the differences in curriculum are and try to keep the child in one system for all of the high school years.

【C1】

A．staying

B．continuing

C．moving

D．convincing

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第8题

From childhood to old age, we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of o

urselves and the world about us. When humans first【C1】______ , they were like newborn children, unable to use this【C2】______ tool. Yet once language developed, the possibilities for human kind's future【C3】______ and cultural growth increased.

Many linguists believe that evolution is【C4】______ for our ability to produce and use language. They【C5】______ that our highly evolved brain provides us【C6】______ an innate language ability not found in lower【C7】______ . Proponents of this innateness theory say that our【C8】______ for language is inborn, but that language itself develops gradually,【C9】______ a function of the growth of the brain during childhood. Therefore there are critical【C10】______ times for language development.

Current【C11】______ of innateness theory are mixed, however, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable.【C12】______ , more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages are best taught in【C13】______ grades. Young children often can learn several languages by being【C14】______ to them, while adults have a much harder time learning another language once the【C15】______ of their first language have become firmly fixed.

【C16】______ some aspects of language are undeniably innate, language does not develop automatically in a vacuum. Children who have been【C17】______ from other human beings do not possess language. This demonstrates that【C18】______ with other human beings is necessary for proper language development. Some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human language【C19】______ than any innate capacities. These theorists view language as imitative, learned behavior.【C20】______ , children learn language from their parents by imitating them. Parents gradually shape their child's language skills by positively reinforcing precise imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones.

【C1】

A．generated

B．evolved

C．born

D．originated

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第9题

We have spoken of marriage as a formal contract. It should be noted, however, that this co

ntract does not【C1】______the same form. in different societies. In western societies the【C2】______of a man and a woman【C3】______given the status of legal marriage by being registered by an official【C4】______by the state. In some African societies, 【C5】______, marriage has nothing to do【C6】______an official registration of this kind but is legalized by the formal【C7】______of goods. Generally【C8】______is the bridegroom who is required to make a【C9】______of goods to the bride' s kin (亲戚), though sometimes a payment is【C10】______made by the bridegroom' s kin to that of the bride.

Among the Nuer, a【C11】______living in Southern Sudan, the payment made to the bride's kin,【C12】______as bridewealth, is in the【C13】______of cattle. Once the【C14】______of bridewealth is agreed【C15】______, and the formal payment is made, the marriage becomes a【C16】______union and the offspring of the union become the acceptable【C17】______of the husband. They remain【C18】______children even【C19】______the wife subsequently leaves him to live with【C20】______man.

【C1】

A．make

B．get

C．take

D．do

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第10题

Parents are often upset when their children praise the homes of their friends and regard i

t as a slur (诽谤，中伤) on their own cooking, or cleaning, or furniture, and often are foolish enough to let the adolescents see that they are【C1】______ . They may even【C2】______ them of disloyalty, or make some sharp remarks about the friends' parents. Such a loss of dignity and descent into【C3】______ behavior. on the part of the adult deeply shocks the adolescents, and makes them【C4】______ that in future they will not talk to their parents about the places or people they visit. Before very long the parents will be【C5】______ that the child is so secretive and never tells them anything, but they seldom realize that they have brought this【C6】______ themselves.

Disillusionment with the parents, however good and【C7】______ they may be both as parents and as individuals, is to some degree inevitable. Most children have such a high【C8】______ of their parents, unless the parents themselves have been unsatisfactory, that it can hardly hope to【C9】______ a realistic evaluation. Parents would be greatly surprised and deeply【C10】______if they realized how much belief their children usually have in their character and infallibility (一贯正确), and how much this【C11】______ means to a child. If parents were prepared for this adolescent【C12】______ , and realized that it was a sign that the child was growing up and developing valuable【C13】______ of observation and independent judgment, they would not be so hurt, and therefore would not【C14】______ the child into opposition by resenting and resisting it.

The adolescent, with his【C15】______ for sincerity, always respects a parent who【C16】______ that he is wrong, or ignorant, or even that he has been unfair or unjust. What the child can not forgive is the parents'【C17】______ to admit these charges if the child knows them to be true.

Victorian parents believed that they kept their【C18】______ by retreating behind an unreasoning authoritarian attitude; in fact they did nothing of the kind, but children were then too cowed (恐吓某人使屈从) to let them know how they really felt. Today we tend to go to the other【C19】______ , but on the whole this is a healthier attitude both for the child and the parents. It is always wiser and safer to【C20】______ reality, however painful it may be at the moment.

【C1】

A．pleased

B．annoyed

C．infected

D．flattered

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第11题

TV is so often a parents good friend, keeping kids happily occupied so the grownups can co

ok dinner, answer the phone, or take a shower. But【C1】______ that electronic babysitter is not an educational【C2】______. According to a recent research, babies who watch TV are more likely to have【C3】______ cognitive development and language at 14 months,【C4】______ if theyre watching programs【C5】______ for adults and older children. Its surprising that TV-watching made a【C6】______ at such a tender age. This new study【C7】______ 259 lower-income families in New York, most of whom spoke Spanish as their【C8】______ language at home. Other studies examining higher-income families have come to the【C9】______ conclusion: TV watching not only isnt educational, but it seems to【C10】______ babies development. Babies who watched 60 minutes of TV daily had developmental【C11】______ one-third lower at 14 months than babies who werent watching that much TV. The【C12】______ may be due to the fact that when kids and parents are watching TV, theyre【C13】______ talking, playing, and interactions that are【C14】______ to learning and development. But what about【C15】"______" TV, like Sesame Street？ The researchers didnt find any pluses or minuses when【C16】______ to non-educational programs designed for small children, like Sponge-Bob SquarePants.【C17】______ research by some of the same scientists has found that parents whose children watch non-educational TV programs like SpongeBob SquarePants spend【C18】______ time reading to their children or teaching them. The latest study of educational TV programs like Sesame Street adds more【C19】______ to a recommendation from the American Academy of Pediatrics that babies under age 2【C20】______ watch no TV at all.

【C1】

A．hopefully

B．unfortunately

C．interestingly

D．unluckily

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