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The word "coined" in paragraph 2 could be replaced by which of the following？
A．Founded.
B．Invented.
C．Established.
D．Manufactured.
答案
更多“The word "coined" in paragraph 2 could be replaced by which of the following？A．Founded.B．I”相关的问题
第2题
Albert Einstein was the first to suggest the existence of stimulated emission in a paper published in 1917. However, for many years physicists thought that atoms and molecules always were much more likely to emit light spontaneously and that stimulated emission thus always would be much weaker. It was not until after the Second World War that physicists began trying to make stimulated emission dominate. They sought ways by which one atom or molecule could stimulate many others to emit light, amplifying it to much higher powers.
The first to succeed was Charles H. Townes, then at Columbia University in New York. Instead of working with light, however, he worked with microwaves, which have a much longer wavelength, and built a device he called a "maser", for Microwave Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Although he thought of the key idea in 1951, the first maser was not completed until a couple of years later. Before long, many other physicists were building masers and trying to discover how to produce stimulated emission at even shorter wavelengths.
The key concepts emerged about 1957. Townes and Arthur Schawlow, at Bell Telephone Laboratories, wrote a long paper outlining the conditions needed to amplify stimulated emission of visible light waves. At about the same time, similar ideas crystallized in the mind of Gordon Gould, then a 37-year-old graduate student at Columbia, who wrote them down in a series of notebooks. Townes and Schawlow published their ideas in a scientific journal, Physical Review Letter, but Gould fried a patent application. Three decades later, people still argue about who deserves the credit for the concept of the laser.
The word "intervention" (Line 3, Para. 1) can best be replaced by ______.
A．need
B．device
C．influence
D．reproduction
第3题
When some 19th New Yorkers said "Harlem", they meant almost
all of Manhattan above 86th Street. Toward the end of the century,
however, a group of citizens in upper Manhattan want, perhaps, to 【S1】______
shape a closer and more precise sense of community designated a
section that they wished to have known as Harlem. The chosen area
was the Harlem which Blacks were moving in the first decades of the 【S2】______
new century as they left their old settlements on the middle and lower
blocks of the West Side.
As the community became predominantly Black, the very word
"Harlem" seemed to lose its old mean. At times it was easy to forget 【S3】______
that "Harlem" was originally the Dutch name "Harlem", the 【S4】______
community it described had been founded by people from Holland,
and that for most of its three centuries-it was first settled in the
sixteen hundreds-it had been preoccupied by White New Yorkers. 【S5】______
"Harlem" became synonymous to Black life and Black style. in 【S6】______
Manhattan. Blacks living there used the word as though they had
coined it on themselves-not only to designate their area of residence 【S7】______
but to express their sense of the various qualities of its life and
atmosphere. As the years passed, "Harlem" asserted an even larger 【S8】______
meaning. In the words of Adam Clayton Powell, Sr., the pastor of the
Abyssinian Baptist Church, Harlem "became the symbol of liberty and
the Promised Land to Negroes everywhere".
By 1919, Harlem's population had grown by several thousand. It
had received its share of wartime migration from the South, the
Caribbean, and parts of colonial Africa. Some of the new arrivals
merely lived in Harlem; it was New York they had come to, looking 【S9】______
for jobs and for all the other legendary opportunities of life in the city.
To others who migrated to Harlem, New York was merely the city
in which they found themselves: Harlem was exactly what they 【S10】______
wished to be.
【S1】
第5题
A、Sir Thomas
B、rowneb.Sir Max Beerbohm
C、Sir Walter Scott
D、Sir Norman Angell
第6题
What is said to be special about English vocabulary？
A. It includes a lot of words form. other languages.
B. It has a growing number of newly coined words.
C. It can be easily picked up by overseas travellers.
D. It is the largest among all languages in the world.
第7题
Ad Slogans
How many times have you been in your car with your radio on, gotten out, and hours later, had some tingle(广告诗) playing in your head？ This, my friends, is good advertising. That jingle was so catchy that hours after you had been exposed to it, it still lingered. The same can be said of ad slogans. Every day, we are surrounded by car ads, credit card ads, travel ads, food ads, clothing ads...the list goes on.
The Basics
The purpose of the strapline or slogan in an advertisement is to leave the key brand message in the mind of the target (that's you). It is the sign-off that accompanies the logo. Its goal is to stick: "If you get nothing else from this ad, get this...!" A few well-known examples of these slogans include:
- American Express: "Don't leave home without it"
- Apple: "Think different"
- AT&T: "Reach out and touch someone"
- Timex: "Takes a licking and keeps on ticking"
- Wendy's: "Where's the beef？"
- Wheaties: "The breakfast of champions"
Unfortunately, ad slogans don't always work, usually because they are generic, ready-to-wear, off-the-shelf lines that are taken out and shined up, ready to be used again and again when the creative juices have stopped flowing. Dozens of advertisers use them without blinking. Their ad agencies should be ashamed of themselves!
The Perfect Tagline
A perfectly-formed tagline should fulfill several criteria. First, it should be memorable. Memorability has to do with the ability the line has to be recalled unaided. A lot of this is based on the brand heritage and how much the line has been used over the years. But if it is a new line, what makes it memorable？ The big idea should be told in the advertisement. The more the tagline resonates with the big idea, the more memorable it will be.
Guinness used to use the line "Guinness is good for you" until the authorities got after them, saying "Come on! Guinness is stout(烈性啤酒)! It contains alcohol! It can't be good for you! So stop using that claim!" So, the Guinness ad agency came up with a stroke of genius. The line？ "Guinness isn't good for you." A good slogan should recall the brand name, and ideally, the brand name should be included in the line. "My goodness, my Guinness!" works, as does "Coke is it？" On the other hand, "Once driven, forever smitten(深有感触)" does not easily invoke the word Vauxhall—a British car made by General Motors. If it is successful, the line should pass readily into common idiom as a catch phrase, such as "Beanz meanz Heinz" or "Where's the beef？". In addition to a provocative and relevant illustration or story, alliteration(头韵) like Jaguar: "Don't dream it. Drive it.", coined or made-up words (Louis Vuitton: "Epileather"), puns, and rhymes are good ways of making a line memorable. So is a jingle.
A good tagline should include a key benefit: "Engineered like no other car in the world" does this beautifully for Mercedes Benz. "Britain's second-largest international scheduled airline" is a "so what" statement for the late Air Europe. You might well say "I want a car that is engineered like no other car in the world," but it is unlikely that you would say "I want two tickets to Paris on Britain's second-largest international scheduled airline!"
There's a well-known piece of advice in the world of marketing: "sell the sizzle, not the steak." It means to sell the benefits, not the features. Since the tagline is the leave-behind, or the take-away, surely the opportunity to implant a key benefit should not be missed:
- Holiday Inn:" Pleasing people the world over"
- Karry-Lite: "Takes the ' lug' out of luggage"
- Polaroid:" The fun develops instantly"
- The Economist: "Free enterprise with every issue"
Conversely, the following lines have no obvious
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
第8题
Automation
The term automation was coined around 1946 by the automobile industry to describe the increased use of automatic devices and controls in mechanized production lines. Today, it is widely used in a manufacturing context but is also applied outside of manufacturing in connection with a variety of systems in which there is a significant substitution of mechanical, electrical, or computerized action for human effort and intelligence. An operation is commonly described as automated if it is Substantially more automatic than its predecessor.
In its most general usage, automation can be defined as a technology concerned with carrying out a process by means of programmed commands combined with the automatic feedback of data relating to the execution of those commands. The resulting system is capable of operating without human intervention. The development of this technology has become increasingly dependent on the use of computers and computer-related technologies. As a consequence, automated systems have become sophisticated and complex. Advanced systems of this sort now represent a level of capability and performance that surpass in many ways the abilities of humans to accomplish the same activities.
Automation technology has matured to a point where a number of other technologies have developed from it and have achieved a recognition and status of their own. Robotics is one such technology. It is a specialized branch of automation in which the automated machine possesses certain characteristics. The most typical humanlike characteristic of a modern industrial robot is its powered mechanical arm. The robot's arm can be programmed to do a sequence of motions to perform. useful tasks, such as loading and unloading parts at a production machine or making a sequence of spot-welds on the body of an automobile. The robot will repeat the motion pattern until it is reprogrammed to perform. some alternative task. As these examples of robot applications suggest, an industrial robot is typically used to replace a human worker in a factory operation.
The field of robotics has its roots in the development of automation technology. Numerical control (NC) and telecherics are two important areas of technology that constitute the foundations of robotics technology.
Over the years, the social merits of automation have been argued by labour leaders, government officials, business executives, and college professors. No doubt the biggest controversy has focused on the employment issue: What is the effect of automation on employment？ There are other important aspects of the automation issue as well, including its effect on productivity, economic competition, education, and quality of life.
The advantages commonly attributed to automation include increased production rates, more efficient use of materials, better product quality, improved safety, shorter workweeks for labour, and reduction of factory lead times.
Automated machines are usually designed to operate at higher production rates than humans are capable of achieving. This increased productivity has been one of the biggest reasons for justifying the adoption of automated systems. Notwithstanding the claims of high quality from good workmanship by humans, automated systems are generally capable of carrying out the manufacturing process with less variability that humans make, thus yielding greater control and consistency of product quality. In addition, the increased process control makes possible more efficient use of materials, resulting in less waste.
Automated manufacturing systems often, remove workers from the workplace, thus safeguarding them against hazards in the work environment. In the United States, the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (OSHA) was enacted with the objective of making work safer and protecting the physical well-being of the worker on a
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
第9题
Q: What is said to be special about English vocabulary？
W: Hi, Leo. Why do you say English will become the world language？
M: Well, for one thing, it's so commonly used. The only language that is used by more people is Chinese.
W: Why is English spoken by so many people？
M: It's spoken in many countries of the world because of the British Empire. And now, of course, there's influence of America as well.
W: Many students find English a difficult language to learn.
M: Oh, all languages are difficult to learn. But English does have two great advantages.
W: What are they？
M: Well, first of all, it has a very international vocabulary. It has many German, Dutch, French, Spanish and Italian words in it. So speakers of those languages will find many familiar words in English. In fact, English has words from many other languages as well.
W: Why is that？
M: Well, partly because English speakers have travelled a lot. They bring back words with them, so English really does have an international vocabulary.
W: And what's the other advantage of English？
M: It's that English grammar is really quite easy. For example, it doesn't have dozens of different endings for its nouns, adjectives and verbs, not like Latin, Russian, and German for example.
W: Why is that？
M: Well, it's quite interesting actually. It's because of the French. When the French ruled England, French was the official language and only the common people spoke English. They try to make the language as simple as possible, so they made the grammar easier.
A.It includes a lot of words form. other languages.
B.It has a growing number of newly coined words.
C.It can be easily picked up by overseas travellers.
D.It is the largest among all languages in the world.
