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听力原文：（32) Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history

听力原文： (32) Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year, or manured (施肥)a field; but we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think a great deal of them, so much so that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized.

Animals fight; so do savages (野蛮人); (33) hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently—this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done—is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some way of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. (34) And it not only has won, but, because it has won, has been in the right. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.

That is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history, in which millions of people were killed or disabled. And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets—while, that is to say, (35) we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily life—nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages.

32. Which kind of people appears most often in the history books？

33.What does it probably mean if people "are good at fighting"？

34.What is the reason for so many wars according to the passage？

35.What kind of civilization do we have in our modern society？

(33)

A．People who invented the TV.

B．People who launched a seaworthy boat.

C．People who calculated the length of the year.

D．Great conquerors, generals and soldiers.

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发布时间：2020-08-28
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更多“听力原文：（32) Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history”相关的问题

第1题

听力原文：Lions prefer to eat without having to do much work. When resting in the shade, th

听力原文： Lions prefer to eat without having to do much work. When resting in the shade, they are also watching the sky. And if they see birds fly down, they immediately sense that something must be happening. Even in the heat of the day, they will certainly arise and run a mile across the plains to find out what is going on. If another animal has made a kill, they will drive it off and take the dead animal for themselves. A grown lion can easily consume 60 pounds of meat at a single feeding. Often, they eat until it seems painful for them to lie down. The female lions are leaner and swifter, and as a result, are better hunters than the males. Most kills are made at night or just before dawn. The kill is the most exciting moment in the day-to-day existence of the lions, since these great beasts spend most of their time—bout 20 hours a day—sleeping and resting. Lions are also social cats. And during these times of leisure, they love to tease against each other, and the young lions are always playing among themselves and with their parents.

(30)

A．They are not active hunters.

B．They don't sleep much.

C．They are often seen alone.

D．They don't eat much.

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第2题

听力原文：During a state of deep relaxation, several physiological changes take place in th

听力原文： During a state of deep relaxation, several physiological changes take place in the body: the body's oxygen consumption is reduced; the heart beat decreases; muscle tension and sweating ease, and there is decreased sympathetic nervous system activity. (32) This restful state not only allows the body to repair and restore itself but it has a calming effect on the consciousness. How to achieve this state of relaxation, however, is a matter of opinion. (33) A recent report by Dr. David Holmes of the University of Kansas in the journal American Psychologist said that simple sitting in an armchair has just as many beneficial characteristics for the body as meditation does. Researchers of other relaxation techniques disagree . (34) These experts believe that more structured techniques, such as meditation, lead to a condition of deep relaxation. The debate goes on, but one thing appears to be clear: the relaxation response can be reached by a number of methods, and the methods themselves are not as important as getting there. One day, one method may work best; on another day, an alternative method may be more appropriate. (35) Once you are aware of all the methods, you can find the one that works best for you. Some of the relaxation techniques are meditation, self-analysis and progressive muscle relaxation. Although these techniques may not, in the end, produce more of a relaxation response than just sitting quietly in a chair, (35) they have the added benefit of structure and discipline, and for these reasons appear to be more effective for most individuals.

32. What will happen when a person is in a state of deep "relaxation"？

33.What did Dr. David Holmes say about "relaxation" in American Psychologist？

34.What do the opponents of Dr. David Holmes believe？

35.What does the speaker think of "relaxation techniques" such as meditation？

(7)

A．The body will take in more oxygen.

B．The heart will beat more frequently.

C．Muscles will become tense and the body will sweat easily.

D．The consciousness will become more or less calmed.

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第3题

听力原文：A new international study shows that six people die every minute from smoking. Th

听力原文： A new international study shows that six people die every minute from smoking. This study shocked most people because it means 3 million deaths around the world every year. If the present rate of smoking continues, the number of deaths each year from smoking could rise to 10 million by the year 2050. This news has worried the most people in the developed countries, especially those smokers.

The study also shows that smoking is the main cause of the death in industrial countries, and most of the smoking deaths have happened to men, especially in developing countries. That means more people smoke in the poor areas than in the rich areas and more people died in the poor countries than in the wealthy countries.

In addition, the study indicates that smoking may also cause lung cancer to those adults. It may lead to cancer of the mouth and other parts of body. Smokers are more likely than nonsmokers to suffer from heart disease. Therefore, experts advise the people to stop smoking completely so that they can reduce their chance of dying early.

(30)

A．3 million smokers increase every year.

B．3 million people get lung cancer every year.

C．3 million cigarettes ate produced every year.

D．3 million people die from smoking every year.

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第4题

听力原文：[32] New England is an area of mountains, valleys, and rivers. It is said that in

听力原文： [32] New England is an area of mountains, valleys, and rivers. It is said that in New England [32] one is always climbing hills. A large part of New England is also made up of farms and farming lands. Yet New Eng land is not really a fanning area. The farms are small. Generally they are only large enough to support one family. It also happens that the soil of New England is not good. [33] This soil has been worked and planted for so many years that it has lost its value.

[34] Most New Englanders today work in factories or small businesses. In these factories they make watches and clocks, shoes, clothing, special tools for industry, leather goods, etc. New England workmen are famous for their skill in making many of these things. [35] This skill is often passed down in families from father to son.

(33)

A．It is completely flat.

B．It has few rivers.

C．It has many large lakes.

D．It is hilly.

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第5题

听力原文：The Civil War came about as a result of many differences between the North and th

听力原文： The Civil War came about as a result of many differences between the North and the South. The differences bad their beginnings in the early 1800s. Tensions continued to grow for several decades. When the war began in 1861, most Americans believed the conflict would not last long. Instead, it stretched into four years of bloody fight(29). In the end, more Americans died in the Civil War than in any war the nation had fought.

The disagreements between the North and the South centered on the following five issues: slavery, tariffs, taxes, political power in the House of Representative, and political power in the Senate(30). People in the North had strong feelings about each of these issues. So did the people in the South. Each side had reasons for the way it felt.

Many people in the North did not believe in slavery. They thought the people of the South should not own slaves. Although some southerners opposed slavery, most felt they needed slaves to raise cotton and tobacco, which were the pillar economy. On the other hand, the North's economy was based on manufacturing industry not plantation agriculture. The northerners opposed slavery in the South since they had not enough people to work in their factories and wanted to get human resources (31). In the end the North won the war and the Union was saved.

(30)

A．In 1816.

B．In the middle of 1800s.

C．In 1861.

D．In 1865.

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第6题

听力原文：A few months ago, [32]a team of interviewers were sent to schools to find out why

听力原文： A few months ago, [32]a team of interviewers were sent to schools to find out why children are prejudiced against science. Their answer provided this surprising picture of a typical scientist: they thought [33]a scientist is a rather dull person who spends all day working in a laboratory, wearing a white coat and making things that smell bad. They thought that scientists usually aren't very interesting and don't talk about anything but science. They don't play games well and they aren't attractive to the opposite sex. They also did not realize that women are as capable of becoming scientists as men.

On the other hand, [34]an art graduate is seen as a much livelier person. Arts graduates are thought to have a better sense of humor, to be interested in sports and pop music and to be considered attractive. When you understand these misconceptions which children have, it is only logical that most of them want to study arts rather than science.

(33)

A．Scientists.

B．Art graduates.

C．Children.

D．Women.

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第7题

听力原文：Do you have a tough math test coming up？ Then listen to some classical piano musi

听力原文： Do you have a tough math test coming up？ Then listen to some classical piano music just before the test. You might end up with a higher score (30) . Researchers at a university in California conducted an experiment. They asked a group of college students to listen to some piano music by a famous 18 th century composer before taking a math test. They were surprised to find that the students' scores jumped 8 to 9 points. The music seems to excite nerve activities in the brain (31) ; similar to the activity that occurs when a person is figuring out a math problem. However, the scientists warn that before you get too excited about applying this method to your math test, you should remember that brain-exciting effects lust only 10 to 15 minutes (32) . Would rock music work as well as the piano music do？ No, the scientists say. In fact, the less complex music might even interfere with the brains' reasoning ability.

(31)

A．How to improve your reasoning ability.

B．Why classical music is popular with math students.

C．The difference between classical music and rock music.

D．The effects of music on the results of math tests.

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第8题

听力原文：The entertainment profession, or" show business", attracts many young people. Unf

听力原文： The entertainment profession, or" show business", attracts many young people. Unfortunately, only very few can hope to become famous and prosperous. (32) Talent is not enough, because show business is as competitive as any other business. (32) (33) Without a good manager, a performer can never hope to succeed. This is true for actors, dancers and comedians, but perhaps most of all for singers.

"Pop" stands for" popular", and (32) (34) a pop singer has to work very hard to become popular. He must either give the public what they already want, or he must find a new way of singing that will attract their attention. (34) Even when he has succeeded and his records are sold everywhere, he cannot relax.

The life of a successful pop singer is not at all easy. He can only relax when he is alone, (35) because everything he does is watched and reported in the special newspaper written for the" fans". The fans are the most important people in the world for a singer. They buy his records, they go to his concert, and make him rich and famous. But they can be very annoying, too. Sometimes their enthusiasm gets so hysterical that they do anything to get a" souvenir". They steal handkerchiefs, they tear off buttons, and they even cut off pieces of the unfortunate singer's hair. Many singers have been forced to hide. A pop singer has to spend a lot of money on clothes, because he must always look smart, or, at any rate, different. He must have a luxurious car. And-most important-he must always keep smiling for the benefit of his public.

(33)

A．Diligence and luck.

B．A good manager and luck.

C．Diligence and money.

D．A good manager and diligence.

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第9题

听力原文： （32)Your assignments this term will be to write two major research papers．One of

听力原文： (32)Your assignments this term will be to write two major research papers．One of the most important things about writing a research paper is giving proper credit of your resources of information. Failure to do this is called plagiarism which is a form. of intellectual dishonesty.

(33)Plagiarism is a kind of stealing or at least an unauthorized borrowing of someone else's ideas. Sometimes inexperienced students will plagiarize unintentionally, and then be surprised when the teacher won't accept their papers, or gives them a failing grade.

The best way to avoid an unintentional plagiarizing is to be very careful in gathering your information. As you take notes on books and magazine articles about the topic you've selected, first try to assimilate the information thoroughly. (34)Secondly, write it down in your own words. This is called paraphrasing. If you do a good job of paraphrasing, you'll capture the main idea from your source without actually using any phrases from it. (34)Most of your notes should probably be paraphrases. However, occasionally you may find something you wish to quote directly in your research paper. In this Case, (35)be sure that you copy the quotation precisely in your notes and enclose it in quotation marks. That way when you're finalizing your research paper, you'll be able to remember which of your notes are direct quotes and which are your own summaries of the material. You can then incorporate them appropriately and give the original author proper credit.

(33)

A．Reading magazine articles.

B．Reviewing book reports.

C．Writing research papers.

D．Selecting information sources.

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第10题

听力原文：Some of the most practical lessons coming out of research in psychology are in th

听力原文： Some of the most practical lessons coming out of research in psychology are in the area of memory. People ask, why can't I remember that term from the physics chapter or that the library books are due？

Many people, memory may be weak, because they don't use it enough. It's like a muscle. If you don't exercise it, it won't get strong. That's why it's important to keep our mind active, to keep on learning throughout our life. We can do this by reading, playing memory games and seeking out new experiences. It's my guess, though, that the lack of stimulation isn't a problem for students like you. More likely, the lives you live are so busy and stimulating that this in itself may sometimes interfere with learning. Later on I will discuss how information is recalled from memory. But, first, the information needs to be recorded, in other words, learned. And for busy people like you and me, that is where the real problem often lies. If we are distracted, or we are trying to think what we are going to do next, the incoming message just might not be getting recorded effectively. And that leads to the first tip for students who want to improve their memories. Give your full attention to the information you hope to retain. Research clearly shows the advantages of this, and also of active learning, of consciously trying to visualize a new fact, perhaps to make a mental picture, even a wild ridiculous one, so the new fact will stick in our memory. Let me illustrate that for you here a little more concretely this evening.

(30)

A．Factors that affect the ability to memorize.

B．The influence of childhood memories oil adulthood.

C．A proposal for future psychological research.

D．Benefits of a busy lifestyle.

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