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The term "organic farming" first appeared in 2000.
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
答案
更多“The term "organic farming" first appeared in 2000.A．YB．NC．NG”相关的问题
第1题
第2题
A．It is accepted by most nutritionists.
B．It has been used only in recent years.
C．It has no fixed meaning.
D．It is seldom used by consumers.
第3题
听力原文： Health food is a general term applied to all kinds of food that are considered more healthful than the types of foods widely sold in supermarkets. For instance, whole grains, fried beaus, and corn oil are health foods. A narrower classification of health food is natural food, which is used to distinguish between types of the same food. Raw honey is a natural sweetener, whereas relined sugar is not. Fresh fruit is a natural food, but canned fruit, with sugars and other additives, is not. The most precise term of all and the narrowest classification within health food is organic food, which is used to describe food that has been grown on a particular kind of farm. Fruits and vegetables that are grown in gardens that are only treated with organic fertilizers, that are not sprayed with poisonous insecticides, and that are not refined after harvest, are organic foods. Meats, fish, dairy and poultry products from animals that are fed only organically-grown feed and that are not injected with hormones are organic foods.
In choosing the type of food you eat, then, you have basically two choices: inorganic, processed foods, or organic, unprocessed foods. A wise decision should include investigation of the claims that processed foods contain chemicals, some of which ate proven to be poisonous, and that vitamin content is greatly reduced in processed foods.
(30)
A．Refined food.
B．Processed food.
C．Natural food.
D．Organic food.
第4题
Organic Food
Organic farming was among the fastest growing segments of U.S. agriculture during the 1990s. The value of retail. sales of organic food was estimated to be $16 billion in 2004. According to the Food Marketing Institute, more than half of Americans now buy organic food at least once a month. Why is organic food becoming so popular？
What is Organic Food？
In December 2000, the National Organic Standards Board of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) established a national standard for the term "organic". Organic food, defined by how it cannot be made rather than how it can be made, must be produced without the use of sewer-sludge fertilizers, most synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, genetic engineering (biotechnology), growth hormones, irradiation and antibiotics. A variety of agricultural products can be produced organically, including produce, grains, meat, dairy, eggs, and processed food products.
"Organic" does not mean "natural". There is no legal definition as to what constitutes a "natural" food. However, the food industry uses the term "natural" to indicate that a food has been minimally processed and is preservative-free. Natural foods can include organic foods, but not all natural foods are organic. Only foods labeled "organic" have been certified as meeting USDA organic standards.
Organic Farming
The phrase 'organic farming' — first appeared in Lord Northbourne's book Look to the Land, published in 1940. But the truth is, organic farming is the oldest form. of agriculture. Before the end of World War Ⅱ, farming without the use of petroleum-based chemicals (synthetic fertilizers and pesticides) was the only option for farmers. Technologies developed during the war were found to be useful for agricultural production. For example, the chemical ammonium nitrate (硝酸铵), which was used as munitions (军需品), became useful as fertilizer, and organophosphates (有机磷酸盐) used for nerve gas were later used as insecticide.
These days, farmers are switching to organic agriculture once again, but now with an ecologically based, systematic approach that includes long-term planning, detailed record keeping and major investment in equipment and supplies. Although it is still only a small industry, the number of organic farmers is growing by about 12 percent per year and now stands at more than 12,000 nationwide.
Organic Farming in the U.S. Today
The USDA's Economic Research Service reports that in 1997, the latest year for which data are available, farmers in 49 states used organic production methods and thirdVparty organic certification services on 1.35 million acres out of a total of 828 million acres of farmland. Approximately two-thirds of the certified U.S. organic farmland was used for crops, and one-third was used as pasture.
Large farms, mostly located in the Midwest and West, produced processed tomatoes, organic wine grapes and other high-value crops on a commercial scale, whereas numerous small farms, concentrated in the Northeast, specialized in mixed vegetable production for direct marketing to consumers and restaurants.
While organic food can be found throughout the country, California was the leader in production of organic fruits and vegetables in 1997, followed closely by Arizona, Florida, Texas, and Washington in decreasing order of total yield. Farmers and ranchers in 23 states raised a small number of certified organic cows, hogs and sheep. New York, Wisconsin and Minnesota were the top producers of organic dairy cows.
Production: Organic vs. Conventional
As you can imagine, organic agricultural practices are quite distinct from those of "conventional" fanning.
Organic farmers:
feed soil and build soil matter with natural fertilizer to grow their crops use insect predators, mating disruption, traps and barriers to protect crops from
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
第5题
The growing interest of【C4】______in the safety and nutritional quality of the typical North American diet is a welcome development.【C5】______，much of this interest has been sparked by sweeping claims that the food supply is unsafe or inadequate in meeting nutritional needs.Although most of these【C6】______are not supported by scientific evidence，the preponderance(优势)of written material【C7】______such claims makes it difficult for the general public to separate fact from【C8】______．As a result，claims that eating a diet【C9】______entirely of organically grown foods prevents or【C10】______disease or provides other benefits to health have become widely【C11】______and form. the basis for folklore．Almost daily the public is【C12】______by claims for“no-aging”diets，new vitamins and other【C13】______foods．There are numerous unsubstantiated reports that【C14】______vitamins are superior to synthetic ones，that fertilized eggs are nutritionally【C15】______than unfertilized eggs and the【C16】______．
One thing that most organically grown food products seem to have in common is that they【C17】______more than conventionally grown foods．But in many cases consumers are【C18】______if they believe organic foods can maintain health and provide better nutritional quality than conventionally grown foods．So there is real cause for concern if consumers particularly those with【C19】______incomes，distrust the【C20】______food supply and buy only expensive organic foods instead．
【C1】
A．conventional
B．traditional
C．formal
D．normal
第6题
The term "virus" is derived from the Latin word for
position, or slime. It was originally applied to the noxious
stench emanating from swamps that was thought to cause a
variety of disease in the centuries before microbes were S1.______
discovered and specifically linked to illness. But it was S2.______
until almost the end of the nineteenth century that a true
virus was proven to be the reason of a disease. S3.______
The nature of viruses made them impossible to detect
for many years, even after bacteria had been discovered and
studied. Not only are viruses too small to be seen with a
light microscope, they also cannot be detected through their S4.______
biological activity, except as it occurs in conjunction with
other organisms. In fact, viruses show no traces of biological
activity by themselves. Unlike bacteria, they are not living
agents in the strictest way. Viruses are very simple pieces S5.______
of organic material composing only of nucleic acid, either S6.______
DNA or RNA, enclosed with a coat of protein made up of S7.______
simple structural units. (Some viruses also contain
carbohydrates and lipid.) They are parasites require S8.______
human, animal, or plant cells to live. The virus replicates
by attaching to a cell and inject its nucleic acid; once S9.______
inside the cell, the DNA or RNA that contains the virus'
genetic information takes on the cell's biological machinery, S10.______
and the cell begins to manufacture virtual proteins rather
than its own.
【S1】
第7题
Currently there are some 20,000 chemicals in use, but the scientists only have detailed information around 1,000 of them.To see the advantages of GM food you have only to consider the recent press revelation that the average lettuce receives eleven pesticide applications before it reaches the supermarket shelf.I’m sure chemicals and their role in disease will become a big issue in the 21st century as the population of the developed world worries increasingly about its health.
The reason GM food will not go away is that we need a three-fold increase in food production by the year 2050 to keep pace with the world’s predicted population growth to ten or eleven billion.It’s not just a question of more mouths to feed either.What is often forgotten is that all these extra people will take up space, reducing the overall land available for agriculture.
The world has 800 million hungry people.Until now, food supplies have been increased by improved varieties, pesticides and artificial fertilizers: the green revolution.Now we’re on the edge of a new one: a genetic revolution.
It may well be that in the long term it is the developing world that benefits most from GM food.It is true that for the next years or so GM crops may be too expensive.
6. According to the passage, food supplies have been increased by all the following except_____________.
A.pesticides
B.artificial fertilizers
C.improved varieties
D.transportation
7.How many chemicals are still less familiar to the scientists？()
A.20,000.
B.1,000
C.19,000
D.21,000.
8.Why will people prefer GM food in the future？()
A.Because it uses less pesticides.
B.Because it is much cheaper.
C.Because the production is increased.
D.Because it is organic food.
9.Which of the following is NOT true？()
A.By 2050, the world population will grow to ten or eleven billion.
B.In the 21st century, GM food will take the place of conventional food.
C.More and more people will reduce the overall land available for farming.
D.More and more people will consume more food and occupy more space.
10.The author’s attitude towards GM food is _______.
A.negative
B.positive
C.critical
D.uncertain
第8题
Currently there are some 20,000 chemicals in use, but the scientists only have detailed information on around 1,000 of them. To see the advantages of GM food you have only to consider the recent press revelation that the average lettuce(莴苣) receives eleven pesticide applications before it reaches the supermarket shelf. I'm sure chemicals and their role in disease will become a big issue in the next century, as the population of the developed world worries increasingly about its health.
The reason GM food will not go away is that we need a three-fold increase in food production by the year 2050 to keep pace with the world's predicted population growth to ten or eleven billion. It's not just a question of more mouths to feed either. What is often forgotten is that all these extra people will take up space, reducing the overall land available for agriculture.
The world has 800 million hungry people. Until now, food supplies have been increased by improved varieties, pesticides and artificial fertilizers: the green revolution. Now we're on the edge of a new revolution: a genetic one.
It may well be that in the long term it is the developing world that benefits most from GM foods. It's true that for the next ten years or so GM crops may be too expensive. But the lesson of personal computers is applicable here—once the technology has been developed for money—spinning crops, like maize(玉米) and cotton, it will filter down and become affordable for all. This doesn't mean, unfortunately, that famines will disappear, but severity and duration will be helped by an improved ability to produce and distribute food.
Why may GM foodstuffs be liked by people in the future？
A．Because they will be cheaper than conventional foodstuffs.
B．Because they will remove people's worries about taking many chemicals.
C．Because it will be more convenient for people to get them.
D．Because conventional foodstuffs will not be available in the future.
第9题
The use of the seal "USDA Organic" is not required.
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
第10题
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
