Why are people given vaccinations? How do vaccinations work?
第1题
BlackFriday
Everyone likes to shop for gifts for the holidayseason, but few people know the history of holiday shopping.While people haveheard of Black Friday, most do not know its origins.Black Friday is the dayafter Thanksgiving (感恩节).On this day most retail stores opentheir doors very early—some as early as 4 am.In addition, they provide theircustomers with great discounts on products.With this in mind, it is clear tosee why so many shoppers buy many of their Christmas gifts on Black Friday.
Black Friday is not as old as many people think.Infact, it is believed that the first Black Friday was held in the 1970s in the USA .It was aday when stores decided to mark the start of the holiday season.In order todraw more customers, they offered great discounts.All products sold very well.This large success resulted in the name Black Friday.It was so named becausethe stores were “in the black”.This financial term means the stores made a lotof money.However, it was not until around 2002 that Black Friday reallystarted to gain in popularity.Today in the USA , countless advertisers proudlyannounce their Black Friday sales.They hope to attract shoppers into theirstores.
BlackFriday is a day when many shoppers in the USA go out and buy gifts, eventhough Christmas Eve is still a more popular day to shop.Thanks to the Internet,it is now possible to get some excellent Black Friday deals online.So if youdon’t want to get to the stores by 4 am, this is the perfect way to still getitems at reduced prices.
1.
Many people know the history of Black Friday.
A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
2.
Most stores open their doors for business very early on Black Friday.
A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
3.
Customers get better service on Black Friday.
A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
4.
Black Friday started in the USA .
A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
5.
The holiday season ends on Black Friday.
A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
6.
“In the black” is a financial term.
A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
7.
Black Friday is no longer popular.
A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
8.
People like to shop online on Christmas Eve.
A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
9.
It is possible to get Black Friday discount online.
A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
10.
Things are sold at their lowest prices at 4 am.
A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
第2题
The British Summer
Britain is well known for its rainy climate. People joke that even in the summer time the country never gets any sun and that the skies stay disappointingly grey even during the months of July and August. Last summer though, it was so hot that people could hardly believe it. British people weren't used to such high temperatures, so every day on the news there were stories about people struggling to work in such unusual weather conditions. Radio and television programmers also reminded everyone to drink more water and not to stay too long in the sun.
When the sun comes out, British people tend to spend time in their garden if they have one. It’s common to invite friends and neighbours around for a barbecue, where everyone sits outside and eats food like grilled meat (烤肉)and salads. There's always a back-up plan in case of rain though, and the meal sometimes has to be cooked in the kitchen and eaten indoors. People also spend a lot of time in parks during the summer, having picnics or playing sports. In every green area, there’s always at least one ice cream van, a kind of car that plays children’s music and sells ice creams. Towns like Blackpool and Brighton are popular for their beaches and amusement arcades(游乐场).People go there to swim, sunbathe and eat fish and chips. The water can be quite cold, though, and that’s why quite a lot of people prefer to go abroad for their summer holiday instead. Popular destinations include Spain, Germany and France: all countries that promise a lot of sunshine!
1、There is little sunshine in Britain in summer.()
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
2、British people like to tell jokes about each other.()
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
3、It was unusually hot last summer in Britain.()
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
4、British people enjoyed the high temperatures of last summer.()
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
5、The media advised people to enjoy the sunshine.()
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
6、Most British people have a garden of their own.()
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
7、People having a barbecue often have a plan against the rain.()
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
8、Children like the music from the ice cream vans.()
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
9、Blackpool and Brighton are known for their beaches.()
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
10、People go to Spain in summer to enjoy the cooler sea water.()
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
第3题
Punctuality is also【C7】______when an invitation is accepted. If a person is invited【C8】______at a particular place at a specified time,【C9】______if there is a meal【C10】______, that person is expected to arrive on time. One of the【C11】______for this is that western type Australian food, such as a roast dinner, must be【C12】______and eaten as soon as it is cooked, and if a person arrives late the food will be【C13】______
Australians【C14】______issue informal invitations. They will give a person their name, address and telephone number and【C15】______, "why don' t you come and see me【C16】______when you are free?" This is not just a polite gesture, it is a【C17】______invitation and the Australian who has issued the invitation will be disappointed and even offended if that person does not【C18】______them. However, because Australians live in a【C19】______society, they are not always at home and it is always best to telephone them to make sure they will be at home【C20】______making a visit.
【C1】
A.express
B.show
C.imply
D.mean
第4题
听力原文:M: Hey! Jenny, do you want to live a longer life?
W: Why? Of course! Everyone hopes so.
M: Look, here is some advice given by experts on how to live a longer and happier life.
W: They must tell people to do exercises and keep a healthier diet.
M: Yes. They say 30 minutes of mild exercise a day will increase your life span. You can do things like walking, gardening or taking exercise classes.
W: And we should eat a balanced diet with low calories, cut back on red meat, sugar, coffee, alcohol and salt, and eat more fruit, grains and vegetables.
M: Why? Jenny, you've read this article'?
W: Not at all. But everyone knows that.
M: Come on! I think there is some valuable advice. For example, they say you should enjoy people more, join some social clubs or groups so that you share your life's joys and sorrows.
W: That makes sense. In this way, we can have more positive attitudes towards life and stay optimistic because we feel we're not alone. What else does this article say?
M: You should stay mentally active, because the decline of our brainpower will shorten our lives, too. So read the newspaper, visit the public library, balance your checkbook without using a calculator, do crossword puzzles and so on.
W: I think this advice is for the old.
M: Not necessarily. Because it also persuades young people like us to do regular checkups and prevent illness like cancer, high blood pressure which threaten our longevity.
W: All right, I don't mean to argue with you. Are you going to follow every piece of advice listed there?
M: Well, they may be good advice, but you know, chocolate is my favorite.
(23)
A.Do as much exercises as we can.
B.Drink a cup of coffee everyday.
C.Grow flowers.
D.Eat a balanced diet.
第5题
W: That's interesting. I should like to hear what people think about advertising.
M: [19] What's there to say? We must have advertising, mustn't we?
W: Why?
M: Well, [19] we wouldn't know what there was to buy if we didn't have advertisements.
W: Yes, that's true up to a point. Advertisements provide information that we need. If someone has produced a new article, naturally, the seller wants to tell us about it.
M: Yes. And the advertisements tell us which product is the best.
W: Do they? I don't think so. Every manufacturer says that his product is the best or at least tries to give the impression. [20] Only one can be the best, so the others are misleading, aren't they?
M: Well, in a way, I suppose. But we don't have to believe them, do we?
W: Are you saying that advertisements aren't effective? I don't think that intelligent businessmen will spend millions of dollars on advertising if nobody believes the advertisements, do you?
M: Perhaps not. But after all, it's their money that they are spending.
W: Is it? I think not. The cost of advertising is added to the price of the article. [21] You and I and all the other people who buy the article pay for the advertising.
M: Well, I suppose we get something for our money… some information.
W: Yes, [20] but don't forget it's often misleading information, and sometimes harmful.
M: Harmful?
W: What about advertisements designed to persuade young people to smoke cigarettes? Wouldn't you say they are harmful?
M: You've given me a lot to think about. I'm quite looking forward to the debate now.
(20)
A.Neutral.
B.Cautious.
C.Favorable.
D.Negative.
第6题
At 19, when I began studying astrophysics, it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom. But while earning my Ph. D. at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me. My every achievement—jobs, research papers, awards—was viewed through the lens of gender(性别) politics. So were my failures. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus(相对于) right brain, or nature versus nurture(培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.
Then one day a few years ago, out of my month came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations: I don't talk about that anymore. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn't want to deal with gender issues. Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist? After all, I don't study sociology or political theory.
Today I research and teach at Barnard, a women's college in New York City. Recently, someone asked me how many of the 45 students in my class were women. You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer, 45. I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children. And I don't dismiss those concerns. Still, I don't tell them "war" stories. Instead, I have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image of 45 women driven by a love of science. And that's a sight worth talking about.
Why doesn't the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again?
A.She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields.
B.She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination.
C.She is not good at telling stories of the kind.
D.She finds space research more important.
第7题
Why does the author say Britain has given blessing to France's nuclear ambition?
A.British Energy was changed to a state-owned energy giant.
B.British government will never compete with France in nuclear power.
C.The company British government holds shares was purchased by French one.
D.British Energy's incorporation will have no negative effects.
第8题
The recent growth of export surpluses on the world food market has certainly been unexpectedly great, partly because a strange sequence(连续) of two successful grain harvests in North America is now being followed by a third. Most of Britain' s overseas suppliers of meat, too, are offering more this year and home production has also risen.
But the effect of all this on the food situation in his country has been made worse by a simultaneous rise in food prices, due chiefly to the. gradual curling down of government support for food. The shops are overstocked with food not only because there is more food available, but also because people, frightened by high prices, are buying less of it.
Moreover, the rise in domestic prices has come at a time when world prices have begun to fall, with the result that imported food, with the exception of grain, is often cheaper than the home-produced variety. And now grain prices, too, are falling. Consumers are beginning to ask why they should not be enabled to benefit from this trend.
The significance of these developments is not lost on farmers. The older generation have seen it all happen before.: Despite the present price and market guarantees, farmers fear they are about to be squeezed between cheap food imports and a shrinking home market. Present production is running at 51 per cent above pre-war levels, and the government has called for an expansion to 60 per cent by 1956; but repeated ministerial advice is carrying little weight and the expansion programme is not working very well.
Why is there" widespread uneasiness and confusion" about the food situation in Britain?
A.The abundant food supply is not expected to last .
B.Britain is importing less food.
C.Despite the abundance, food prices keep rising.
D.Britain will cut back on its production of food.
第9题
The recent growth of export surpluses on the world food market has certainly been unexpectedly great, partly because a strange sequence of two successful grain harvests. North America is now being followed by a third. Most of Britain’s overseas suppliers of meat, too, are offering more this year and home production has also risen.
But the effect of all this on the food situation in this country has been made worse by a simultaneous rise in food prices, due chiefly to the gradual cutting down of government support for food. The shops are overstocked with food not only because there is more food available, but also because people, frightened by high prices, are buying less of it.
Moreover, the rise in domestic prices has come at a time when world prices have begun to fall, with the result that imported food, with the exception of grain, is often cheaper than the home-produced variety. And now grain prices, too, are falling. Consumers are beginning to ask why they should not be enabled to benefit from this trend.
The significance of these developments is not lost on farmers. The older generation have seen it all happen before. Despite the present price and market guarantees, farmers fear they are about to be squeezed between cheap food imports and a shrinking home market. Present production is running at 51 per cent above pre-war levels, and the government has called for an expansion to 60 per cent by 1956; but repeated Ministerial advice is carrying little weight and the expansion programme is not working very well.
第7题:The main reason for the rise in food prices is that ________.
A) people are buying less food
B) the government is providing less financial support for agriculture
C) domestic food production has decreased
D) imported food is driving prices higher
第10题
A.Because she is very rich
B.Because she is arranged to marry Cal
C.Because she is from loyal family
D.Because of the “women and children first” policy
第11题
A.income
B.allowance
C.wages
D.pay